Mindfulness and MBCT-vision (mindfulness-based cognitive therapy modified for visual symptoms) for visual snow syndrome: a therapeutic perspective.

Summary

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy modified for visual symptoms (MBCT-vision) shows promise in alleviating visual snow syndrome (VSS), a disorder affecting 1-2% of the population. An open-label study with 30 participants revealed that MBCT-vision enhances attentional flexibility and metacognitive awareness, addressing dysregulation in brain networks like the Default Mode Network and Salience Network. Group sessions foster shared understanding, while neuroplastic changes may further support symptom relief. These findings offer a foundation for integrating mindfulness practices into person-centered strategies for managing VSS effectively.

Abstract

Visual snow syndrome (VSS) is a neurological disorder characterized by intrusive visual symptoms and associated with dysregulation in brain networks, including the Salience Network, Default Mode Network, and thalamocortical circuits. This perspective paper examines the application of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy modified for visual symptoms (MBCT-vision) as an intervention for VSS. Drawing on clinical experience, our recent open-label study, and ongoing randomized controlled trial, we propose that VSS symptoms may perpetuate through attentional mechanisms, including heightened vigilance and threat attribution. We outline how mindfulness practices in MBCT-vision address these processes by enhancing attentional flexibility, increasing metacognitive awareness, and fostering a non-reactive stance toward symptoms. The group-based format of MBCT-vision provides additional therapeutic benefits through shared understanding and validation. We discuss potential neuroplastic mechanisms underlying observed improvements, particularly involving the Default Mode Network. This paper advances the understanding of mindfulness mechanisms in VSS and provides a foundation for developing comprehensive, evidence-based approaches that integrate neurobiological insights with person-centered therapeutic strategies for this challenging condition.

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