Unraveling the metabolomic profile and acute toxicity of ethanolic extract from Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir. root bark.
Renato Pinto De Sousa, Carlos Mario Freitas De Oliveira, Rita de Cassia De Lima Sousa, Lucas Luan Lima Leite, André Luiz Ozório Oliveira, Jady Vitoria Barjud Pereira Ferreira, Ana Marcia De Freitas Pessoa, Jorge Luiz Silva Oliveira, Victor de Jesus Silva Meireles, Esmeralda Maria Lustosa Barros, Adriana Maria Viana Nunes, Mariana Helena Chaves, Maurício Pires de Moura Do Amaral, Gerardo Magela Vieira Júnior
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology October 1, 2024 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.108076
Summary
Mimosa tenuiflora, known as "Jurema preta," has a remarkable safety profile, with an LD50 greater than 2000 mg/kg in studies involving female Swiss mice. In a sample of 40 mice, acute oral toxicity tests at doses of 300 and 2000 mg/kg revealed no mortality or significant changes in food intake and body weight. However, kidney weights were notably altered, alongside hematological and biochemical changes. Histopathological evaluations indicated damage in the heart, liver, and kidneys, highlighting potential health risks associated with its consumption.
Abstract
Mimosa tenuiflora (Fabaceae) is popularly known in Brazil as "Jurema preta". From the bark of its root, "jurema wine" is obtained, a psychedelic drink used in Indigenous religious rituals in Northeastern Brazil. This work aimed to investigate the chemical composition and acute oral toxicity of the ethanolic extract of the root bark from M. tenuiflora (EEMt). EEMt was analyzed by UPLC-QToF-MS/MS and DI-ESI-IT-MSn. Oral administration of EEMt was performed once at doses of 300 and 2000 mg/kg in female Swiss mice. Signs and symptoms of intoxication, as well as mortality were monitored for 14 days. Thirteen compounds were annotated in EEMt: eight type B proanthocyanidins, three alkaloids, a glycosylated flavonol, and a dihydrochalcone derivative. The acute administration of 300 and 2000 mg/kg of EEMt did not show mortality. It also did not change the food intake or body weight of the animals. However, the relative weights of the kidneys were significantly changed for both doses. Changes in hematological and biochemical parameters were found. In addition, histopathological changes were also observed in the heart, liver, and kidneys. Thus, based on our findings, EEMt presented an LD50 greater than 2000 mg/kg and was therefore classified in category 5 of the Globally Harmonized Classification System (GHS). EEMt showed acute oral toxicity by altering hematological, biochemical and histological parameters.