Inside the journey: A qualitative study of intravenous ketamine therapy for treatment-resistant depression
Jason Perepelkin, Polixeni Hantjidis, Kirsten Robison, Katelyn Halpape
Journal of Affective Disorders Reports April 28, 2025 Peer reviewed DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100886 via DOAJ
Summary
Patients receiving intravenous (IV) ketamine for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) reported significant improvements in mood and daily functioning, despite facing barriers such as cost and stigma. The study involved 19 participants in Saskatchewan, Canada, who experienced varied psychological relief during treatment. Factors like the clinic environment influenced outcomes, and there is a need for further research on predictors of response and accessibility to optimize ketamine therapy.
Study at a glance
| Design | qualitative study |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 19 |
| Population | individuals receiving IV ketamine for treatment-resistant depression in Saskatchewan, Canada |
| Key finding | IV ketamine treatments resulted in meaningful improvements in mood and outlook on life for patients with TRD. |
Abstract
Introduction: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) affects over 30 % of patients with depression and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Intravenous (IV) ketamine has shown rapid and robust antidepressant effects for TRD. However, limited data exist on long-term maintenance and patient experiences, especially in North America. This study aims to explore the lived experiences of individuals receiving IV ketamine for TRD in Saskatchewan, Canada. Methods: This qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews with 19 individuals receiving IV ketamine at the Linden Medical Centre. Participants were included if they were over 18 years of age and received IV ketamine for TRD. Data were analyzed using grounded theory methodology to identify emerging themes. Results: Key themes included the acute effects of ketamine during treatment, which varied among patients but generally involved psychological relief and altered perceptions. Participants noted significant improvements in mood, outlook on life, and daily functioning. However, barriers such as treatment cost, accessibility, and stigma were prevalent. Psychosocial factors and the clinic environment also substantially influenced treatment outcomes. Interpretation: The findings highlight the profound impact of IV ketamine on patients with TRD, emphasizing the importance of a supportive clinic environment and addressing barriers to accessibility. Despite the financial burden and limited accessibility, ketamine treatments resulted in meaningful improvements, including reduced suicidality. Conclusion: This study underscores the need for further research on individual predictors of ketamine response, cost-effectiveness, and educational materials to set realistic patient expectations. Understanding patient experiences can help optimize ketamine therapy for TRD, ultimately enhancing treatment outcomes.