Repurposed Drugs of Abuse (Stimulants, Ketamine, and Psychedelics): Focus on Risks
Breno Souza-Marques, Ana Teresa Caliman-Fontes, Gustavo C. Leal, Igor D. Bandeira, Rodrigo P. Mello, Raíza Alves-pereira, Lucas C. Quarantini
Bipolar Disorder January 1, 2025 Peer reviewed DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-85519-1_28 via Springer Nature
Summary
Repurposing drugs of abuse, including stimulants, ketamine, and psychedelics, may offer new treatment options for individuals with bipolar disorders who have persistent symptoms. While some of these substances show promising efficacy in clinical trials, there are significant concerns about their potential risks, such as addiction, worsening psychiatric symptoms, and adverse effects. A balanced risk-benefit analysis is essential to inform clinical decisions and guide future research in this area.
Study at a glance
| Population | individuals with bipolar disorders |
|---|---|
| Key finding | There are potential benefits of repurposed drugs of abuse for treating bipolar disorder, but significant risks must also be considered. |
Abstract
Despite the availability of many treatment options, several individuals with bipolar disorders experience persistent symptoms, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in repurposing drugs of abuse, such as stimulants, ketamine, and psychedelics, for the treatment of bipolar disorders. While some of these drugs have demonstrated promising efficacy in clinical trials, concerns regarding their potential risks have emerged. This chapter investigates the complex relationship between repurposed drugs of abuse and bipolar disorder, examining both the potential benefits and in particular the associated risks. This will include a discussion of the potential for addiction, exacerbation of existing psychiatric symptoms, and adverse physical and cognitive effects. We will engage in a balanced risk–benefit analysis, weighing the potential benefits of repurposed drugs of abuse against the associated risks. This will involve a consideration of the severity of bipolar disorders, the availability of alternative treatment options, and the potential for individualized risk stratification. This analysis will inform clinical decision-making and guide future research endeavors in this rapidly evolving treatment field.