Neurophysiological Effects of Traditionally-Prepared Kava Measured by EEG: A Pilot Case Study

A pilot study measured brain activity via EEG in two experienced adult male users of traditionally prepared kava (Piper methysticum) during a 6-hour session in culturally authentic settings. One participant showed increased alpha and theta brainwave activity, consistent with relaxation, while the other showed elevated gamma power linked to cognitive focus. These divergent responses may reflect individual habituation or cultural use patterns. The results provide preliminary evidence that traditionally prepared kava produces measurable neurophysiological effects aligned with its cultural role as a calming, relational substance, but larger studies connecting EEG data with behavioral measures are needed.

Study at a glance

Abstract

Introduction. Kava (Piper methysticum) is a culturally significant Pacific keystone species traditionally consumed as a water-based beverage. Global demand has led to commodification and misrepresentation, with kava often diverging from traditional forms. Evidence on the physiological and therapeutic effects of traditionally prepared beverage kava remains limited, while conflation with nonkava products risks obscuring cultural meaning and safety. This study addresses these gaps. Methods. A pilot electroencephalography (EEG) study investigated neurophysiological effects of traditionally prepared kava in culturally authentic settings. Two experienced adult male users were observed over a 6-hr session. Resting-state EEG was recorded pre- and postconsumption with the EMOTIV Insight 5-channel EEG headset. Results. EEG findings showed divergent responses. One participant displayed increased alpha and theta activity consistent with relaxation, while the other showed elevated gamma power linked to cognitive focus. These differences may reflect individual habituation or cultural use. Results highlight the need for larger studies connecting EEG data with behavioral measures to explore the ethnopsychopharmacology of traditional kava. Conclusion. This pilot study provides preliminary evidence that traditionally prepared kava produces measurable neurophysiological effects aligned with its cultural role as a calming, relational substance. The study underscores the value of culturally grounded, rigorous research on kava.