176 results for "adolescence"
Acute ketamine withdrawal disrupts memory and monoaminergic neurotransmission in adolescent female rats.
Behavioural brain research – March 28, 2026
Summary
Even brief ketamine use during adolescence can severely impact cognition. Following three days of intranasal ketamine, female adolescent rats (n=8 per group) showed impaired episodic, social, and working memory during early withdrawal. This significant decline in memory was accompanied by reduced serotonin and norepinephrine levels (monoamines) in brain regions vital for cognition. These findings highlight serious risks to adolescent brain function from recreational ketamine exposure and subsequent withdrawal, affecting key aspects of memory.
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of profound behavioral changes associated with high brain vulnerability to negative stimuli including psychotropic drugs mi...
Sex-dependent developmental changes in behavior, brain structure, functional connectivity, and sensory perception following exposure to psilocybin during adolescence
Neuropsychopharmacology – February 18, 2026
Summary
Exposure to psilocybin during adolescence leads to significant long-term developmental changes in brain structure and behavior. In a study with male and female mice, those given 3.0 mg/kg of psilocybin showed altered perception of rewarding and aversive stimuli, with males experiencing greater effects. MRI imaging revealed increased functional connectivity in the prefrontal cortex, hypothalamus, and thalamus. Notably, males exhibited reduced levels of neuroplasticity-related proteins and regional brain volume changes, highlighting the profound influence of psychedelics on adolescent brain development.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a hallucinogen with complex neurobiological and behavioral effects. Underlying these effects are changes in brain neuroplasticity. We...
The effects of acute and repeated adolescent MDMA exposure on behavior, cognition, and the monoamine neurotransmitter systems: A review of human and pre-clinical research
Behavioural Brain Research – February 10, 2026
Summary
Acute exposure to higher doses of MDMA significantly boosts locomotor activity and disrupts the serotonin neurotransmitter system. An extensive review evaluated 1,012 articles, narrowing down to 54 relevant studies—48 on adolescent rodents and 6 on humans. Findings on repeated MDMA exposure in adolescents were inconsistent, influenced by dosing, environment, and timing. Notably, there is a critical gap in understanding MDMA's impact on adolescent females, highlighting the need for more comprehensive studies with standardized dosing protocols to clarify these effects.
Abstract
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a psychomotor stimulant drug. While much research has examined the effects of MDMA in adults, relativel...
Simulating Synaptic Pruning and Ketamine-Like Recovery in Depression: Insights from Consolidation Duration and Iterative Regimens on Resilience and Relapse
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – January 14, 2026
Summary
Excessive synaptic pruning during adolescence can significantly weaken neural circuits, contributing to major depressive disorder (MDD). In simulations with 396,000 weights, accuracy plummeted to 32% after removing 95%. A single regrowth cycle restored accuracy to about 97%, while extending consolidation periods improved performance by up to 55 percentage points and minimized relapse. Iterative regrowth cycles reduced residual sparsity below 1%, enhancing stress resilience and outperforming one-time restorations. These findings underscore the importance of tailored, multi-dose treatments for fostering long-term neuroplasticity and stability in MDD.
Abstract
Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is increasingly framed as a failure of neuroplasticity. Excessive synaptic pruning in adolescence can l...
Effectiveness of Anapanasati Meditation on Internal Locus of Control, Psychological Well-being, Resilience and Altruism Among Orphan Adolescents.
Annals of neurosciences – January 10, 2026
Summary
Anapanasati meditation significantly boosts well-being, altruism, and internal locus of control among vulnerable orphan adolescents. A three-month program, implemented with 54 orphan adolescents (compared to 54 non-orphan peers aged 13-17), demonstrated marked improvements in resilience from the second month. This simple, low-cost meditation effectively supports holistic growth, enhancing positive psychosocial performance for adolescents facing unique challenges. It offers a practical solution for resource-constrained settings, fostering a stronger sense of self-direction and compassion.
Abstract
Orphan adolescents face multiple vulnerabilities, including a lack of parental guidance, poor educational opportunities, socio-economic disadvantag...
From Adults to Adolescents: Bridging Scientific Potential and Evidence-Based Paths for Psychedelic-Assisted Interventions
Psychoactives – January 06, 2026
Summary
Psychedelic-assisted therapies show promise for treating treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in adults, yet their application to adolescents remains uncertain. Current conventional treatments often fail a significant subset of adolescents with mood disorders. This review highlights the historical context and efficacy of psychedelics, examining their potential for youth amid neurodevelopmental risks and ethical concerns. With a focus on the need for responsible assessment, it emphasizes translational gaps and research priorities necessary to explore these innovative interventions safely in adolescent mental health care.
Abstract
Adolescent mental health conditions, particularly treatment-resistant depression (TRD), represent a growing public health challenge associated with...
Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder in adolescence: a complex case of lysergic acid diethylamide-induced visual disturbances with trauma-associated exacerbation
Neuroscience Applied – January 01, 2026
Summary
Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD) affects 1-5% of psychedelic users, with a higher prevalence among frequent LSD and synthetic cannabinoid users. Symptoms include persistent visual disturbances like palinopsia and visual snow, often linked to receptor dysfunction. In one case, a 16-year-old experienced significant distress and suicidal ideation after using LSD, leading to functional impairment. Treatment with Levetiracetam yielded initial improvement, but symptoms worsened due to cannabis use. Ultimately, resuming Levetiracetam restored functionality, allowing the individual to return to normal academic and social activities.
Abstract
Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD) is a condition affecting 1-5% of psychedelic users, with higher prevalence observed among recurr...
Understanding and Addressing Bullying in Children and Adolescents.
Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry – January 01, 2026
Summary
Bullying profoundly impacts children and adolescents, causing significant psychological and social distress. A review of studies published between 2000 and 2024 highlights its global prevalence and diverse forms. This chronic stressor can dysregulate neurobiological systems, increasing vulnerability to anxiety and depression. Effective psychotherapy, including Cognitive behavioral therapy and Play therapy, helps mitigate bullying's effects and improve child well-being. Addressing bullying requires comprehensive strategies integrating psychological, educational, and legal efforts to foster safe environments.
Abstract
Bullying among children and adolescents is a complex and widespread problem with profound psychological, social, and legal implications. It include...
Oral Glutamatergic Augmentation for Trauma-Related Disorders with Fluoxetine- / Bupropion- Potentiated Dextromethorphan ± Piracetam: A Four-Patient Case Series
OpenAlex – November 25, 2025
Summary
Patients with hard-to-treat trauma-spectrum disorders experienced rapid and lasting remission using an oral protocol centered on dextromethorphan (DXM) and fluoxetine. In a sample of four cases, including PTSD and complex PTSD, participants reported significant reductions in intrusive memories and functional disability within days to weeks, with no adverse effects like dissociation or hypertension. This approach highlights the potential of glutamate-based treatments to enhance neuroplasticity and cognition, suggesting a promising avenue for addressing major depression, anxiety, and other brain disorders effectively.
Abstract
Abstract Traditional monoaminergic medications often offer limited relief for the physical and cognitive symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder...
Neurobehavioral pathways linking socioeconomic status hardship to suicide risk versus resilience in young adolescents: the roles of sleep health and default mode network connectivity.
Translational psychiatry – November 24, 2025
Summary
Did you know that brain connectivity might offer a shield against the mental health impacts of tough economic times? Research involving nearly 12,000 adolescents explored how socioeconomic hardship influences suicide risk, focusing on sleep health and brain network coherence. It found that economic difficulties predicted increased suicidal thoughts and attempts. Crucially, shorter sleep duration linked hardship to these thoughts. However, strong connectivity in a specific brain network acted as a protective factor, buffering the impact of hardship and poor sleep, suggesting a pathway to youth resilience.
Abstract
Socioeconomic hardship (SES-H) is a known risk factor for adolescent suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB). This study examined sleep health as a p...
Effectiveness of a one-year teacher training program in delivering school-based mindfulness on schoolteachers' mental health: A nationwide cluster-randomized trial.
Social science & medicine (1982) – November 19, 2025
Summary
A year-long mindfulness program significantly reduced perceived stress among schoolteachers, a key finding from a nationwide trial. Researchers hypothesized that this teacher training program, delivered in schools, would improve mental health. They conducted a cluster-randomized trial involving 110 schools and nearly 200 teachers. The positive results showed a notable decrease in stress for participating teachers over 12 months, effectively promoting their long-term well-being. While resilience wasn't significantly impacted, the program proved effective in alleviating teacher stress.
Abstract
The nationwide Stress-free Everyday Life for Children and Adolescents Research (SELFCARE) project, conducted from 2019 to 2020 in Denmark included ...
Psilocybin as a fast-acting and long-lasting antidepressant for adolescence: Proposing NeuroD1 as a biomarker of its long-term plasticity
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy – October 30, 2025
Summary
Oral psilocybin rapidly and lastingly reduced depression-like behaviors in adolescent rats of both sexes. Administered orally at 0.3 or 1 mg/kg, a single dose showed antidepressant-like effects within 30 minutes. Repeated daily doses over 7 days also improved mood and boosted brain cell growth. These positive effects persisted for up to 15 days after treatment, offering a promising avenue for treating adolescent depression, which often resists conventional therapies. Hallucinogenic-like responses were also observed.
Abstract
Adolescent depression is a significant public health concern, yet treatment options remain limited, particularly due to age- and sex-related differ...
Recreational MDMA use in Norway: results from an internet convenience sample.
Front Psychiatry – September 26, 2025
Summary
Many recreational MDMA users in Norway are young adults seeking enhanced social experiences. An online survey explored patterns among Norwegian users, revealing participants typically used MDMA infrequently in social settings. They often reported feelings of euphoria and connection. This research provides valuable insights into the motivations and characteristics of recreational MDMA use in Norway, highlighting a demographic seeking specific social and emotional outcomes.
Abstract
Recreational MDMA use in Norway: results from an internet convenience sample.
Mechanisms underlying sustained resilience against anorexia nervosa from sub-anesthetic ketamine: A review and new research based on electron microscopic analyses of synapses using a mouse model.
Physiology & behavior – September 01, 2025
Summary
A single dose of ketamine shows promise in preventing anorexia relapse. Brain imaging reveals how ketamine strengthens key neural connections in the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. The treatment works by adjusting protein levels and inhibitory synapses, helping to reduce excessive exercise while promoting healthy eating patterns. Most notably, these protective effects last weeks after treatment.
Abstract
The activity-based anorexia (ABA) animal model captures key maladaptive behaviors of anorexia nervosa - starvation-evoked hyperactivity, voluntary ...
Hallucinogen-Persisting Perception Disorder in a 16-Year-Old Adolescent
Psychopharmacology Bulletin – August 12, 2025
Summary
A rare hallucinogen-persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD) was observed in a 16-year-old male, highlighting its infrequent presentation in adolescents. This case, relevant to Clinical psychology and Psychiatry, involved a patient with polysubstance use, including psychedelics like LSD and psilocybin. He experienced persistent auditory and visual hallucinations, a critical aspect of his condition. Within Medicine, aripiprazole (5 mg daily) gradually improved his symptoms, demonstrating a potential treatment for this challenging perceptual disorder. This adds to Drug Studies on managing hallucinations in medical conditions, especially when linked to hallucinogen exposure.
Abstract
Objective Hallucinogen-persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD) is a rare condition characterized by the re-experiencing of one or more perceptual sym...
Mindfulness in the school curriculum? A nationwide cluster-randomized trial of the effectiveness of implementing a mindfulness-based intervention for 9-16-year-olds students in Danish elementary schools.
Social science & medicine (1982) – August 01, 2025
Summary
A ten-session school-based mindfulness program showed limited effectiveness for enhancing mental health among at-risk adolescents in Danish elementary schools. In a nationwide trial involving 1,728 students across 110 schools, the intervention did not significantly reduce total difficulties scores, with an effect size of just 0.05 for at-risk students. However, boys and younger students reported increased hyperactivity/inattention and poorer self-rated health. These findings highlight the need for further exploration into how to effectively implement mindfulness interventions in schools to support mental well-being.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a teacher-training program for integrating a ten-session, school-based mindfulness program int...
Strong increase in the number of intoxications involving psychoactive drugs among adolescents reported to the Dutch Poisons Information Center from 2014-2023.
The International journal on drug policy – August 01, 2025
Summary
Dutch poison control data reveals a troubling surge in adolescent intoxications from psychoactive drugs, with cases nearly tripling over the past decade. Cannabis edibles, MDMA, and new psychoactive substances led this increase. Notable shifts include a 208% rise in cannabis-related incidents and emergence of novel synthetic drugs. The findings highlight evolving patterns in youth substance use and underscore growing public health concerns.
Abstract
The use of psychoactive drugs has been increasing worldwide, with adolescents and young adults accounting for a large share of people who use drugs...
Death recollection moderates stress-influenced depression in Thai boarding school students.
BMC psychology – July 29, 2025
Summary
Recollecting death can significantly reduce depression linked to stress among teenagers. In a study involving 440 students from northern Thailand boarding schools, 10.2% practiced this meditation technique. The average stress level was moderate at 24.08, while depression scores were low at 3.82. Notably, those engaging in death recollection showed fewer depressive symptoms, with a moderation effect indicating that this practice helps buffer the impact of stress on mental health. This suggests that integrating death meditation into mindfulness practices could benefit adolescents facing stress.
Abstract
Death recollection is a form of mindfulness meditation that orients a practitioner's calm attention toward an awareness of death. This meditation i...
Implementing twelve-weeks of loving-kindness meditation and mindfulness of breathing for adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury and their parents: a mixed method pilot study.
BMC psychology – July 23, 2025
Summary
Loving-kindness meditation and mindfulness of breathing show promise for adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). In a pilot study with 28 adolescents and their parents over twelve weeks, participants reported a significant decrease in NSSI behaviors and depressive symptoms at three-month follow-up. Satisfaction ratings averaged 4.27 out of 5. While 14% of adolescents and 33% of parents dropped out, qualitative feedback highlighted positive experiences and improved parent-child relationships, suggesting these practices may enhance emotional regulation and family dynamics.
Abstract
Psychosocial interventions for adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) still needs investigation. This study aims to explore the feasibilit...
Clinical Psychedelic Therapy Research Involving Adolescents: Protocol for a Scoping Review of Intervention Studies
Wellcome Open Research – July 08, 2025
Summary
A striking gap exists: controlled clinical research on psychedelics and drug studies for adolescents under 18 is virtually absent in the 21st century. While compounds like psilocybin, often from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, influence neurotransmitter receptors, there are no reported sample sizes or effect sizes for youth. A new protocol will review interventional studies from 2000-present where psychedelics were administered to individuals under 18, mapping this critical void in therapeutic understanding and influence on behavior.
Abstract
Background Recent years have seen renewed clinical interest in the therapeutic potential of classical psychedelics, such as psilocybin, LSD, DMT, a...
Stephen Ross: Psychedelic-assisted therapies for difficult-to-treat psychiatric and medical disorders
Psychedelics – June 10, 2025
Summary
Groundbreaking clinical trials reveal a single dose of psilocybin therapy can provide rapid, enduring relief for severe anxiety and depression, particularly in advanced cancer patients. This pioneering work also demonstrates significant efficacy in treating alcohol use disorder and major depressive disorder. These remarkable findings underscore the powerful potential of psychedelic-assisted treatments to address critical unmet health needs.
Abstract
Professor Stephen Ross is a prominent faculty member in the Departments of Psychiatry and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at the New York Universit...
Increased Kcnq2 in the hippocampal contributes to esketamine-induced long-term cognitive dysfunction in neonatal mice.
Journal of affective disorders – June 08, 2025
Summary
Early exposure to esketamine, a common pediatric anesthetic, may cause lasting cognitive impairments through increased Kcnq2 protein levels in the hippocampus. Scientists found that blocking this protein protected young mice from memory and learning problems typically seen after esketamine treatment, suggesting potential ways to make anesthesia safer for developing brains.
Abstract
Esketamine is increasingly used to induce general anesthesia in pediatric populations. However, its neurological effects on healthy individuals-esp...
Leveraging family and caregiver support in psychedelic-assisted therapy: considerations for the treatment of adolescents.
Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health – June 04, 2025
Summary
Family support proves crucial in emerging psychedelic therapy approaches for adolescents with mental health challenges. Research shows integrating caregivers into treatment protocols creates a more supportive healing environment and improves outcomes. By combining family systems approaches with carefully supervised psychedelic sessions, therapists can help young people recover while strengthening vital family bonds.
Abstract
Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) is gaining recognition as a promising intervention for treatment-refractory mental health conditions in adults. ...
EEG Signatures and Effects of Mindfulness Approaches in Adolescents With Nonsuicidal Self-Injury.
Psychophysiology – June 01, 2025
Summary
Brain scans reveal that mindfulness meditation can help restore healthy brain activity patterns in adolescents struggling with self-harm behaviors. When teens practiced deep breathing meditation, their brain waves showed improved cognitive control - a key factor in reducing self-injury. EEG measurements demonstrated that just 10 minutes of focused breathing exercises could normalize brain activity. This promising approach offers a practical, drug-free way to support recovery and emotional regulation in young people.
Abstract
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a recurring behavior most prevalent among adolescents in which one intentionally harms one's tissues and organs w...
Ketamine's double-edged sword: Therapeutic benefits and adverse events in adolescent treatment-resistant OCD - A case series.
Indian journal of psychiatry – June 01, 2025
Summary
For one-third of individuals, severe OCD resists standard treatments. A new investigation explored ketamine's potential, as it influences glutamate, a brain chemical linked to OCD. In a case series, four adolescents with treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder received ketamine, an NMDA antagonist. Remarkably, three showed significant, lasting improvement. However, one experienced transient adverse effects, including psychosis. This suggests ketamine holds promise for adolescent treatment-resistant OCD, despite requiring careful consideration of risks.
Abstract
About one-third of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) cases show poor response to first-line treatments. Ketamine's role in modulating glutamate, ...
Neurophysiological dynamics of visceral signals in emotion, self and bodily consciousness.
Proceedings. Biological sciences – June 01, 2025
Summary
Your body's internal signals shape your emotions and sense of self more than you might think. Scientists have discovered that heartbeats, breathing patterns, and even digestive processes directly influence brain activity through complex brain-body interactions. These internal signals create distinct electrical patterns in the brain, affecting how we process emotions and maintain self-awareness. When measured through electrophysiology, these patterns reveal how our organs communicate with our brain, forming the foundation of our conscious experience and emotional well-being.
Abstract
Bodily organs such as the heart and the lungs play a crucial role in maintaining physiological homeostasis in a continuous closed-loop interaction ...
A comparative assessment of yogasana and karate training on cardio-autonomic function in adolescents: An empirical study.
Journal of bodywork and movement therapies – June 01, 2025
Summary
Regular mind-body practices like yogasana and karate boost heart-brain wellbeing in teens. Comparing 90 adolescent males, researchers found both practices enhanced stress resilience and psychological balance, with yoga showing slightly better results. Yogasana practitioners displayed stronger parasympathetic dominance, while karate students demonstrated improved neuroautonomic relationships.
Abstract
Scientific findings reveal regular practice of traditional mind body exercises may reduce the invasion of chronic stressors and regain psychophysio...
Strategies to Facilitate Intravenous Access for Electroconvulsive Therapy Procedures in Pediatric and Neurodivergent Patients: A Case Series.
Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology – May 19, 2025
Summary
Healthcare teams have found innovative ways to help young patients and those with autism spectrum disorder receive vital psychiatric treatments. By using personalized approaches like oral anxiety medication, gentle sedation, or specialized vascular access devices, doctors can now better assist patients who struggle with IV placement during electroconvulsive therapy. This advancement in child and adolescent psychiatry helps ensure all patients can access needed care.
Abstract
Introduction: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for severe and treatment-resistant psychiatric disorders, particularly depr...
Esketamine ameliorates prenatal stress-induced postpartum depression and sex-related behavioral differences in adolescent progeny.
Neuropharmacology – May 15, 2025
Summary
Postpartum depression affects both mothers and their children, but a breakthrough treatment offers hope. When pregnant mice experienced chronic restraint stress, they developed postpartum depression symptoms, while their offspring showed gender-specific issues. Esketamine treatment not only improved mothers' mental health but also prevented behavioral problems in their adolescent children, suggesting it could be a powerful tool for protecting both maternal and child well-being.
Abstract
Prenatal stress leads to postpartum depression and is associated with developmental issues in offspring. Esketamine quickly and effectively prevent...
Mindfulness-based interventions and their relationships with body image and eating behavior in adolescents: a scoping review.
Journal of eating disorders – May 01, 2025
Summary
Teaching mindfulness to teens could be a game-changer for healthy eating and body image. Research shows mindfulness-based practices help adolescents develop better awareness of eating behaviors, reduce dietary restrictions, and improve body acceptance. These techniques promote positive relationships with food while reducing weight concerns and negative self-image through enhanced emotional regulation.
Abstract
During adolescence, there are risks of changes in eating behavior and concerns about weight and body shape. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) ...
Limited Validity of Breath-Counting as a Measure of Mindfulness in Ruminative Adolescents.
Psychophysiology – May 01, 2025
Summary
Breath-counting tasks may not effectively measure mindfulness in adolescents. In a study of 78 adolescents experiencing high levels of rumination, breath-counting accuracy showed fair reliability but surprisingly revealed negative correlations with self-reported mindfulness traits, including observing emotions and nonreactivity. Additionally, performance decrements were greater among those with higher overall mindfulness scores. The sustained attention task indicated a small negative correlation with mind-wandering. These findings suggest that breath-counting may only reflect a limited aspect of sustained attention rather than broader mindfulness qualities.
Abstract
Objective measurement of mindfulness could help us understand the mechanisms of meditation interventions and how individuals vary in their disposit...
Electroconvulsive Therapy, Ketamine, and Esketamine in a Patient with Major Depressive Disorder and Multiple Comorbidities: A Case Report over 10-year Treatment from Adolescence to Adulthood.
Psychopharmacology bulletin – April 08, 2025
Summary
A decade-long journey shows how innovative treatments can help overcome severe depression. A patient battling treatment-resistant depression and multiple mental health comorbidities found lasting stability through a combination of therapies. While electroconvulsive therapy offered temporary relief, ketamine and esketamine treatments proved most effective, leading to two years without hospitalization or crisis - marking a significant breakthrough in managing complex depression.
Abstract
In this case report, we present a patient with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder, eating disorder, pos...
Neurobehavioural Correlates of Breath Meditation in Novice Adolescents: Insights from Anapanasati-based Paradigm.
Annals of neurosciences – April 02, 2025
Summary
Breath-awareness meditation significantly enhances relaxation and psychological well-being in adolescents. In a study involving 45 novice meditators, participants showed increased alpha brain activity during mindfulness practices, indicating relaxation. Notably, beta power in key brain regions correlated positively with breath count, enhancing cognitive processing. Additionally, feelings of bliss during meditation were linked to heightened state mindfulness but inversely associated with theory of mind (TOM). Gender differences emerged, with females exhibiting greater frontal beta activity. This suggests that breath-based practices can effectively support adolescent mental health while highlighting individual variations.
Abstract
Breath-awareness practices contribute to stress management and psychological well-being among adolescents. However, their neurobehavioural effects ...
Effect of Anapanasati Meditation on Thought Patterns and Subjective Well-being Among Orphan Adolescents.
Annals of neurosciences – April 02, 2025
Summary
Anapanasati meditation significantly enhances emotional regulation and well-being among orphan adolescents. In a study involving 54 participants from Pune, Maharashtra, after three months of practicing this mindful breathing technique, improvements were noted in emotional sharing and the ability to appraise others' feelings. Specifically, there were marked increases in self-awareness and the management of negative emotions. These findings highlight the transformative potential of meditation in fostering emotional stability and positive outlooks, suggesting valuable implications for mental health interventions in vulnerable youth populations.
Abstract
Over 2000 years old, Anapanasati meditation is the technique of mindful breathing where Anapana is breathing and sati is mindfulness. Anapanasati m...
Ketamine Treatment for Pediatric Refractory Obsessive: Five Open Label Cases.
Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology – April 01, 2025
Summary
A single ketamine infusion shows promise as a safe treatment option for teens with severe OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder). In a groundbreaking trial, five adolescents who hadn't responded to standard treatments received controlled doses. While the immediate reduction in OCD symptoms wasn't sustained long-term, the treatment proved remarkably safe with only mild, temporary side effects.
Abstract
Importance: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and cognitive behavioral therapy are the first-line treatments for pediatric obsessive-...
Mindful young brains and minds: a systematic review of the neural correlates of mindfulness-based interventions in youth.
Brain imaging and behavior – April 01, 2025
Summary
Mindfulness-based interventions may significantly enhance brain connectivity in children and adolescents. Analyzing 13 studies with 467 participants aged 5-18, findings revealed that 76.9% employed a pre-post intervention design. Resting-state fMRI was the most common method, showing increased functional connectivity in key brain networks. Additionally, diffusion-weighted imaging indicated improvements in white matter properties. Task-based fMRI highlighted decreased activation in the default mode network during mindfulness practice. These changes suggest potential benefits for self-regulation and cognitive control among youth, although variability in methodologies limits broader conclusions.
Abstract
This systematic narrative review examines neuroimaging studies that investigated the neural correlates of mindfulness-based interventions in youth ...
Emerging strategies and clinical recommendations for the management of novel depression subtypes.
Expert review of neurotherapeutics – April 01, 2025
Summary
Depression manifests differently today due to modern pressures and social changes. New research reveals distinct subtypes, including early-onset depression in youth, cases linked to social disconnection, and those complicated by substance use disorders. Treatment success comes from matching approaches to specific needs - combining traditional antidepressants with targeted interventions like specialized therapy and newer options such as ketamine for resistant cases.
Abstract
The phenomenology of depression is characterized by a wide array of emotional, cognitive, and physical symptoms that significantly disrupt an indiv...
Lithium attenuates ketamine-induced long-term neurotoxicity through DISC1-mediated GSK-3β/β-catenin and ERK/CREB pathways.
Toxicology letters – April 01, 2025
Summary
While ketamine is vital in pediatric anesthesia, its repeated use can harm developing brains. Researchers found that lithium can protect against ketamine's toxic effects on nerve cells. The study revealed that lithium activates protective pathways in the brain, specifically the GSK-3β/β-catenin and ERK/CREB systems, by boosting DISC1 protein levels. This discovery offers a promising way to make ketamine safer for young patients.
Abstract
Ketamine, an antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, is extensively employed in pediatric anesthesia. Multiple studies have shown that repeate...
Social Workers' Attitudes and Beliefs about MDMA-Assisted Therapy for Adolescents with PTSD.
Social work – April 01, 2025
Summary
While MDMA shows promise for treating PTSD in adults, social workers express greater confidence in traditional medications for adolescent patients. A survey of 222 social workers revealed they favored selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors over MDMA therapy for treating teen PTSD. However, those with more knowledge about psychedelics showed less stigma and concern, suggesting education could increase acceptance of this emerging treatment.
Abstract
Given the widespread interest and ongoing study on MDMA-assisted therapy (MDMA-AT) for PTSD, its implications for unique populations-such as adoles...
Effect of Esketamine on Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents With Major Depressive Disorder at Imminent Suicide Risk: A Randomized Psychoactive-Controlled Study.
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry – March 07, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking RCT reveals hope for teens facing severe depression and suicide risk. Nasal esketamine, combined with standard care, showed remarkable effectiveness in rapidly reducing depressive symptoms in adolescents with major depressive disorder. The treatment produced significant improvements within 24 hours, offering a promising option for young patients requiring urgent intervention.
Abstract
To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of esketamine nasal spray vs psychoactive placebo (oral midazolam) in rapidly reducing depressiv...
Breaking the cycle: a systematic review of neurobiological mechanisms and psychotherapeutic innovations in ketamine addiction.
Journal of addictive diseases – March 06, 2025
Summary
Recent findings reveal that ketamine addiction ("Special K") alters brain connectivity in ways similar to depression, but innovative treatment approaches show promise. By combining neurobiological markers with targeted psychotherapy, including CBT and EMDR, clinicians can now better triage and treat patients. This comprehensive treatment framework integrates neurobiology with personalized therapy timing, leading to significantly improved recovery rates compared to traditional approaches.
Abstract
This systematic review synthesizes current evidence on non-prescribed ketamine use, emphasizing its neurobiological impacts and psychotherapeutic i...
Involvement of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor GluN2C/GluN2D subunits in social behavior impairments in mice exposed to social defeat stress as juveniles.
Journal of pharmacological sciences – March 01, 2025
Summary
Early-life social stress can trigger lasting behavioral changes. New research shows that ketamine can reverse social difficulties in mice who experienced bullying-like stress during youth. The key lies in specific brain receptors called GluN2C/GluN2D, which become overactive after stress. Blocking these receptors helped restore normal social behavior, suggesting a promising pathway for treating stress-related mental health issues in young people.
Abstract
Glutamatergic system dysfunction is associated with the pathophysiology of stress-related psychiatric disorders. However, the role of N-methyl-D-as...
Ketamine administration during adolescence impairs synaptic integration and inhibitory synaptic transmission in the adult dentate gyrus.
Progress in neurobiology – March 01, 2025
Summary
Ketamine exposure during teenage years can have lasting effects on brain function well into adulthood. New findings reveal that adolescent ketamine use disrupts vital communication between brain cells in the dentate gyrus, a key memory center. The drug specifically weakens inhibitory signals and reduces special neurons called parvalbumin interneurons, affecting how information is processed and integrated in the adult brain.
Abstract
Ketamine administration during adolescence affects cognitive performance; however, its long-term impact on synaptic function and neuronal integrati...
Esketamine alleviates LPS-induced depression-like behavior by activating Nrf2-mediated anti-inflammatory response in adolescent mice.
Neuroscience – February 16, 2025
Summary
A breakthrough in depression treatment reveals how esketamine rapidly lifts mood by activating the body's natural anti-inflammatory defenses. This medication works by boosting a key protein called Nrf2, which helps reduce brain inflammation linked to depression. Tests showed that a single dose effectively improved mood and reduced inflammatory markers in both the brain and blood, offering hope for faster-acting depression treatments.
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying esketamine's therapeutic effects remain elusive. The study aimed to explore the impact of single esketamine treatment on ...
Dynamic functional connectivity signatures of focused attention on the breath in adolescents.
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) – February 05, 2025
Summary
Breath meditation significantly enhances brain connectivity, with 72 adolescents showing increased static connectivity in attention networks during a breath-counting task compared to rest. Notably, dynamic analysis identified four distinct brain states, including a DMN-anticorrelated state more prevalent during the task. This approach revealed markers for on-task versus off-task attention, indicating that focused breathing reduces mind-wandering and promotes sustained attention. These findings highlight the complex neural interactions involved in breath meditation, underscoring its potential cognitive benefits.
Abstract
Breathing meditation typically consists of directing attention toward breathing and redirecting attention when the mind wanders. As yet, we do not ...
Hallucinogen-Persisting Perception Disorder in a 16-Year-Old Adolescent.
Psychopharmacology bulletin – February 03, 2025
Summary
A rare but concerning mental illness can occur when hallucinogenic use leaves lasting perceptual changes, even after sobriety. In a notable case from child and adolescent psychiatry, a 16-year-old with polysubstance use experienced persistent auditory and visual disturbances for eight months following MDMA use. Treatment with aripiprazole showed promising results, offering hope for young patients with hallucinogen-persisting perception disorder.
Abstract
Hallucinogen-persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD) is a rare condition characterized by the re-experiencing of one or more perceptual symptoms that...
Ketamine treatment in youth for fast reduction of suicidality and engagement in psychotherapy: A randomized placebo-controlled trial protocol.
Contemporary clinical trials – February 01, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking approach combines ketamine treatment with specialized psychotherapy to address urgent suicide risks in adolescents and young adults. The protocol pairs rapid-acting ketamine infusions with CAMS therapy sessions, testing if this combination can quickly reduce suicidal thoughts and improve treatment engagement. The study follows 140 hospitalized youth, offering hope for faster, more effective interventions.
Abstract
Suicide is a leading cause of death in young persons. While ketamine has demonstrated rapid anti-suicidal effects, its safety and efficacy in youth...
Therapeutic Potential of MDMA- and Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy for Adolescent Depression and Trauma.
Current psychiatry reports – February 01, 2025
Summary
Groundbreaking treatments using MDMA and psychedelics show remarkable promise in treating depression and trauma. While proven effective in adults, these therapies could be particularly transformative for adolescents. Clinical trials demonstrate that MDMA-assisted psychotherapy significantly reduces PTSD symptoms, while psychedelic treatments help overcome resistant depression. These approaches offer new hope for youth mental health.
Abstract
There is a mental health crisis affecting youth, and the utility of existing treatments is often limited by lack of effectiveness and tolerability....
Illicit drug use among adolescents and young adults with impairments in the US: A cross-sectional analysis of the National Survey on Drug Use And Health.
Preventive medicine – February 01, 2025
Summary
Young Americans with disabilities start using illicit drugs nearly two years earlier than their peers, averaging age 16 versus 18. This public health concern affects the 13% of youth with various impairments, from mobility to cognitive challenges. Analysis of national health data reveals those with disabilities are twice as likely to experiment with drugs, with hallucinogens being particularly prevalent among young adults with impairments (12.8% versus 7.1% in those without).
Abstract
The purpose of this cross-sectional analysis is to compare the degree to which adolescents and adults with and without impairments in the US engage...
Age- and estrous-dependent effects of psilocybin in rats
OpenAlex – January 14, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, elicits vastly different responses depending on age and biological sex. Adolescent rats (P35/P45) given 1 mg/kg psilocybin showed no head twitch responses, unlike robust reactions in adults. Furthermore, adult females in diestrus exhibited increased responses to the psychedelic compared to those in proestrus, highlighting the estrous cycle's impact. These findings are crucial for psychology, internal medicine, and future psychedelics and drug studies, emphasizing neuroendocrine regulation and neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior within neuroscience.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin, a psychedelic compound in “magic” mushrooms, has promise as a novel treatment for psychiatric disorders, many of which are mor...