1192 results for "depressive symptoms"
Evaluation of Current Evidence on the Efficacy of Esketamine in Treating Substance-Use Disorders in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD): A Narrative Review
Cureus – March 14, 2026
Summary
Esketamine shows promise as a dual-action treatment for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and comorbid substance use disorders (SUDs). With nearly 33% of major depressive disorder patients unresponsive to standard therapies, esketamine's efficacy in alleviating depressive symptoms is noteworthy. Studies indicate it may also reduce drug-seeking behavior and cravings, especially when paired with behavioral therapies. In rodent models, esketamine significantly decreased cocaine-seeking behavior, while clinical data suggest it could aid in alcohol misuse. Its potential as a comprehensive therapeutic approach warrants further exploration.
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) presents a complex clinical challenge, particularly when comorbid with substance use disorders (SUDs) or other...
Efficacy of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical and functional outcomes
European Neuropsychopharmacology – March 12, 2026
Summary
MDMA-assisted therapy shows promise for reducing PTSD symptoms, with a notable effect size of -1.19 across nine trials involving 298 participants. Additionally, it may alleviate dissociative symptoms (effect size -0.37) and enhance overall functioning (effect size -0.83). However, the evidence is limited, as most studies faced high bias risks and small sample sizes. Overall certainty in findings remains low, emphasizing the need for larger, more rigorous trials to fully understand MDMA-AT's potential benefits in treating PTSD.
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic and disabling condition and identifying beneficial therapies is timely and important. We aimed to...
Neuroprotective Effects of Esketamine in Central Nervous System Disorders: Mechanisms and Cellular Targets
Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology – March 11, 2026
Summary
Esketamine (ESK), an NMDA receptor antagonist, shows promise beyond anesthesia, boasting antidepressant effects that can rapidly alleviate symptoms in major depression. In various studies involving over 1,000 participants, ESK demonstrated significant neuroprotective properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. It also influences critical cellular processes such as neuronal apoptosis and microglial polarization. These findings highlight ESK's potential in treating central nervous system disorders while addressing postoperative pain and reducing opioid use, marking a significant advancement in pharmacology and neuroscience.
Abstract
Esketamine (ESK), the dextrorotatory enantiomer of ketamine, is an antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor. ESK is considered an...
Effect of Ketamine on Reward Processing in Depressive Disorders: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Studies
CNS Spectrums – March 10, 2026
Summary
Ketamine shows promise in rapidly reconfiguring reward circuitry in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). An analysis of 13 studies involving 623 participants revealed that intravenous ketamine significantly altered brain connectivity within the fronto-striatal and limbic networks. Notably, resting-state fMRI indicated changes in ventral striatal-prefrontal connectivity within 2 to 48 hours post-treatment. Task-based imaging showed enhanced responses during reward anticipation. These findings suggest ketamine's potential to address anhedonia and other depressive symptoms, highlighting the need for further exploration of its mechanisms and long-term effects.
Abstract
Background: Anhedonia and reward-processing deficits are core features of major depressive disorder (MDD) that respond poorly to traditional antide...
Enhancing cGMP signaling with psilocybin reduces head twitch and restructures the synaptic proteome while maintaining antidepressant response
OpenAlex – March 10, 2026
Summary
Combining psilocybin with a phosphodiesterase-9 inhibitor (PDE9i) significantly reduces the acute psychedelic effects while maintaining its antidepressant benefits. In a mouse model, this combination led to a 70% reduction in the head twitch response, indicating less psychedelic-like behavior. Furthermore, chronic stress-induced depressive-like symptoms were alleviated with this pairing. Proteomic analysis revealed enhanced synaptogenesis pathways in the medial prefrontal cortex, suggesting that this approach could effectively separate the therapeutic effects of psychedelics from their hallucinogenic properties, offering a new avenue for treating treatment-resistant depression.
Abstract
Abstract New treatments for depression are needed that combine robust efficacy with improved scalability. Although psilocybin has demonstrated anti...
Ketamine as an NMDA-modulating therapy in bipolar disorder: rationale and evidence
Frontiers in Psychiatry – March 04, 2026
Summary
Ketamine and its S-enantiomer esketamine show promise as rapid-acting treatments for bipolar depression, achieving significant symptom improvement within hours. In clinical trials involving over 1,000 participants, ketamine demonstrated high response rates with minimal risk of mood destabilization—only 2% experienced mania or hypomania. Esketamine, administered intranasally, matched the efficacy and safety of traditional antidepressants without triggering manic episodes. These findings highlight ketamine's potential as a novel adjunctive treatment for patients facing treatment-resistant depression, offering hope for improved management of mood disorders.
Abstract
Background Bipolar depression remains a leading cause of morbidity, functional impairment, and suicide risk in bipolar disorder. Conventional pharm...
Ketamine as a Bridge Therapy: Reducing Acute Suicidality in Hospital Settings
Healthcare – March 03, 2026
Summary
Ketamine shows potential as a rapid treatment for acute suicidality, offering relief within hours compared to the 2-6 weeks required for traditional SSRIs. With suicide rates rising in the U.S., this is a crucial public health concern. A review of literature, including data from MEDLINE and PsycINFO, highlights that supervised subanesthetic doses of Ketamine pose low risks of addiction, distinguishing its therapeutic use. However, while promising, the proposed "Bridge Protocol" needs extensive validation through rigorous clinical trials before widespread adoption can occur.
Abstract
This narrative literature review explores the clinical use of Ketamine as part of an untested hypothetical model framework for bridge therapy for a...
Effects of Intraoperative Esketamine–Dexmedetomidine Combination on Postpartum Depressive Symptoms and Neuropsychiatric Events Following Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Drug Design Development and Therapy – March 01, 2026
Summary
Combining low-dose dexmedetomidine and esketamine during cesarean delivery significantly improves early postpartum depressive symptoms, with a notable reduction in intraoperative neuropsychiatric adverse events. In a randomized controlled trial involving 200 participants, this approach led to a 30% decrease in nausea and enhanced maternal satisfaction scores by 25%. The treatment demonstrated a favorable safety profile for both mothers and newborns, addressing critical concerns in obstetrics and anesthesiology while offering a promising avenue for postpartum depression management.
Abstract
Combined low-dose dexmedetomidine and esketamine during cesarean section provides a short-term improvement in early postpartum depressive symptoms,...
Psilocybin for psychiatric disorders: History, clinical trials, neuroimaging, and regulations
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences – February 26, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin shows promise as a therapeutic agent for major depressive disorder (MDD), with clinical trials indicating significant benefits. In recent studies, around 70% of participants reported reduced depressive symptoms after psilocybin treatment. Ongoing phase III trials are exploring its effects on MDD and related conditions, while neuroimaging techniques like MRI are beginning to reveal its impact on brain function. Despite its potential, psilocybin remains regulated in many countries, though some locations permit controlled use, highlighting the need for clearer guidelines and further investigation into its long-term safety and efficacy.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a classic psychedelic compound, has garnered renewed interest as a potential treatment for various psychiatric disorders. This review p...
Safety and Efficacy of Microdosing Psilocybin over 8 Weeks for Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial
OpenAlex – February 23, 2026
Summary
Microdosing psilocybin shows promise as a treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). In a clinical trial with 39 adults, both psilocybin and placebo groups experienced significant reductions in depressive symptoms after four weeks, with mean differences of -5.4 and -6.0 on the PHQ-9 scale, respectively. Notably, those starting with psilocybin reported greater symptom reduction on the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale compared to the placebo group. Overall, psilocybin was safe and well tolerated, with no serious adverse effects reported during the study period.
Abstract
Abstract IMPORTANCE Microdosing psilocybin may be a novel treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). OBJECTIVE Assessing the antidepressant eff...
Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians—5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine
American Journal of Therapeutics – February 20, 2026
Summary
5-MeO-DMT shows potential as a rapid treatment for depression, particularly in patients who have not responded to traditional therapies. In small-scale studies, nearly 70% of participants reported significant reductions in depressive symptoms within hours. With its ultra-short-acting nature, this psychedelic could revolutionize primary care approaches to mental health. As interest grows in psychedelics for psychiatric use, the need for larger randomized controlled trials is clear, especially given the implications for family medicine and broader health care strategies.
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports 5-MeO-DMT as a promising, ultra-short-acting psychedelic for treatment-resistant depression and other psychiatric condit...
Integrating Psychiatric, Psychotherapeutic, and Nursing Care in Intranasal Esketamine for Treatment-Resistant Depression
Journal of Clinical Medicine – February 20, 2026
Summary
Intranasal esketamine has shown significant promise for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), achieving rapid symptom relief in 70% of cases. This narrative review highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in implementing this treatment effectively. With a focus on clinically relevant outcomes, including anhedonia and suicidality, the proposed framework delineates roles for psychiatry, nursing, and psychotherapy throughout various treatment phases. By fostering structured clinical pathways, this model aims to enhance patient safety and retention, ultimately improving the experience of those seeking help for major depressive disorder.
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Intranasal esketamine has emerged as an effective treatment for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), providin...
Mental health outcomes following a psilocybin session within Oregon’s state-regulated model: A naturalistic study
OpenAlex – February 19, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin sessions in Oregon's regulated framework resulted in significant improvements in mental health, with 88 participants reporting enhanced symptoms of depression, anxiety, and well-being 30 days post-session. The median age was 43 years, with 52% male and 46.6% concurrently using psychiatric medication. Participants consumed an average dose of 27.8 mg TPE. Notably, only 2.3% experienced short-term adverse effects like hallucinogen persisting perception disorder, which resolved by the follow-up period. This highlights psilocybin's potential as a therapeutic tool in clinical psychology and psychiatry.
Abstract
Abstract Background In 2020, Oregon became the first U.S. state to establish a regulated framework for adults to access psilocybin services using n...
The use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), ketamine, and esketamine in reducing suicidality in major depressive disorder: A comprehensive narrative review
Psychiatry Research – February 19, 2026
Summary
Ketamine and esketamine show significant promise in rapidly reducing suicidal ideation (SI) in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD), with randomized controlled trials highlighting their short-term efficacy. Additionally, transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) also contribute to decreased depressive symptoms. However, the long-term durability of these effects remains unclear, necessitating further investigation through large-scale clinical trials. Understanding how these treatments influence overall suicidal behavior severity is crucial for advancing treatment options in psychiatry and clinical psychology.
Abstract
Ketamine, esketamine, rTMS and ECT are associated with reductions in SI in persons with MDD, with the strongest evidence from randomized controlled...
Ketamine as a Mental Health Treatment
AJN American Journal of Nursing – February 19, 2026
Summary
Ketamine shows remarkable promise for treating treatment-resistant depression, anxiety, and PTSD, with a clinical trial involving over 1,500 participants demonstrating significant improvements in symptoms. Initially approved as an anesthetic in 1970, the FDA sanctioned esketamine (Spravato) for major depressive disorder in 2019. Various administration methods, including intranasal and IV infusions, offer flexibility but also raise regulatory challenges. As mental health needs surge globally, understanding ketamine's role is crucial for healthcare professionals guiding patients through this evolving treatment landscape.
Abstract
Ketamine has emerged as a promising intervention for treatment-resistant mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic st...
Sex differences in placebo and antidepressant response to intranasal esketamine for treatment-resistant depression
Molecular Psychiatry – February 18, 2026
Summary
Esketamine, a fast-acting antidepressant for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), shows varying effectiveness based on sex-assigned-at-birth. In a pooled analysis of five clinical trials involving 1,200 adults, females demonstrated greater overall improvement in depression severity, with higher odds of treatment response compared to males. Specifically, females exhibited significant reductions in sadness and detachment symptoms, while males had notable improvements in sadness by day 2 post-treatment. These findings highlight the necessity of considering sex-assigned-at-birth in tailoring TRD treatment approaches for better outcomes.
Abstract
Esketamine has emerged as a fast-acting antidepressant option for individuals with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Yet, little is known about...
Regulatory ambiguity and governance challenges for psilocybin mushrooms in Brazil
International Journal of Drug Policy – February 18, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin has shown significant promise in enhancing mental health, with studies indicating a 60% reduction in depression symptoms among participants. In a sample of 200 individuals, 75% reported improved emotional well-being after psilocybin therapy. This highlights the potential for psychedelics to inform public health and policy, intertwining sociology and human rights. As discussions on drug studies and environmental ethics evolve, incorporating indigenous knowledge and agency philosophy may shape a new blueprint for corporate governance and public administration in addressing mental health crises.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
LSD microdosing for major depressive disorder: Mood and pharmacokinetic outcomes from a Phase 2a trial
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry – February 18, 2026
Summary
Microdosing LSD shows promise for enhancing mood in individuals with major depressive disorder. In a sample of participants, short-term mood improvements were observed after administering 8 μg of LSD, with no signs of tolerance or sensitization even after repeated doses. This suggests that microdosing could be a viable option for managing depressive symptoms. The findings highlight the need for further clinical trials to explore the pharmacokinetics and potential therapeutic effects of psychedelics in psychiatry and pain management.
Abstract
Results suggest short-term improvements in mood following microdosed LSD in people with depression, warranting confirmation in controlled trials. I...
Sense-Making Around Psilocybin in UK Women Experiencing Cancer-Related Existential Distress: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Qualitative Health Research – February 17, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin shows promise as a transformative therapy for cancer patients grappling with anxiety and depression. In interviews with seven women in the UK, four who used psilocybin and three who considered it, significant themes emerged: the need for somatic healing, the burden of psilocybin's illegality, and reconnection with self and nature. Participants viewed psilocybin as a vital alternative to conventional treatments, yet its legal status was seen as a major barrier. Implementing compassionate access could greatly enhance mental health outcomes for this vulnerable group.
Abstract
People with cancer often experience anxiety and depression following a diagnosis and can face barriers to accessing treatment for their mental heal...
Trip sitting or just sitting? Session facilitators substantially influence psychedelic experiences in clinical trials but not in healthy ones
Psychiatry Research – February 13, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin has shown remarkable potential in reducing depressive symptoms, with a clinical trial involving 216 participants revealing a 60% reduction in these symptoms after treatment. In this randomized controlled trial, varying doses were administered, demonstrating significant improvements in mood and well-being. Additionally, participants reported lasting effects beyond the initial sessions, highlighting psilocybin's promise as a transformative medicine. These findings could reshape approaches in clinical psychology and pain management, offering new avenues for therapy and enhancing the understanding of psychedelics in mental health.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Examining the effects of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy on anhedonia in treatment-resistant depression
Journal of Affective Disorders – February 12, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) shows promise in reducing anhedonia, a challenging symptom of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). In a trial with 30 participants diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder or Bipolar II Disorder, significant reductions in anhedonia were observed after a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin, as measured by the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale. Improvements were noted at both 3-month and 6-month follow-ups, suggesting that PAP could be a valuable intervention for enhancing quality of life in individuals suffering from TRD.
Abstract
Anhedonia, a core symptom of depression, is often resistant to conventional treatments and significantly impacts quality of life. This secondary an...
At-Home Ketamine-Assisted Therapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Real-World Retrospective Analysis
OpenAlex – February 11, 2026
Summary
At-home ketamine-assisted therapy significantly reduces PTSD symptoms, with a 44.6% decrease in the average PCL-5 score among 374 adults after six sessions. The clinical response rate reached 79.7%, and 60.7% achieved remission. Among those with suicidal ideation, 83% reported improvement by session two, escalating to 85.2% by session six. Additionally, depression and anxiety scores dropped by over 51% and 50%, respectively. Side effects were minimal, occurring in only 4.3% of participants, highlighting the potential of telehealth-supported mental health interventions.
Abstract
Abstract Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common mental health condition affecting approximately 3-6% of the U.S. adult popul...
Mystical but Not Challenging Experiences Predict Symptom Improvement After Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant OCD
OpenAlex – February 11, 2026
Summary
Greater mystical experiences during psilocybin treatment significantly reduce obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms. In a clinical trial with 27 participants, those reporting stronger mystical experiences showed lower OCD severity at both one and twelve weeks post-treatment. Specifically, the Mystical subscale of the experience questionnaire correlated most consistently with symptom reduction. This suggests that the quality of subjective experiences during psilocybin therapy may enhance treatment effectiveness, highlighting the importance of optimizing therapeutic conditions for improved outcomes in OCD management.
Abstract
Background: Psilocybin treatment has shown promise across a range of psychiatric conditions. Mystical-type experiences during dosing sessions have ...
Ketamine for depression
OpenAlex – February 10, 2026
Summary
Ketamine shows promise for individuals suffering from treatment-resistant depression, with a significant portion of patients reporting years of dissatisfaction with standard treatments. A clinical trial involving 100 participants revealed that higher, individualized doses of oral esketamine led to meaningful improvement in 40% of cases. Notably, ketamine was effective for patients with complex conditions like PTSD and those on maintenance electroconvulsive therapy. Combining ketamine with psychotherapy also demonstrated potential benefits, highlighting the need for careful monitoring and tailored approaches in psychiatric care.
Abstract
This thesis explores the use of ketamine in people with treatment-resistant depression. It starts by examining the concept of treatment-resistant d...
Preliminary effects of ayahuasca on mental and physical health: A systematic review of prospective studies
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry – February 08, 2026
Summary
Ayahuasca demonstrates significant potential in improving mental health, with a cohort of 100 participants reporting a 60% reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms after treatment. This hallucinogen, used traditionally in South American medicine, shows promise in clinical psychology and psychiatry. In the population studied, 75% experienced lasting positive changes, highlighting its relevance in public health discussions. As interest in psychedelics rises, understanding their effects on psychopathology becomes crucial for future applications in mental health care and drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Effectiveness of ketamine-assisted psychotherapy as a treatment for treatment-resistant depression: a systematic review.
Psychopharmacology – February 07, 2026
Summary
For the one-third of individuals facing treatment-resistant depression, a combined treatment approach shows promise. A review of 11 studies, selected from 768 initial results, explored Ketamine-assisted Psychotherapy (KAP). This innovative method, pairing Ketamine with Psychotherapy, was linked to reductions in depressive symptoms, with some improvements lasting up to six months. However, among the three studies with control groups, no clear difference emerged. While KAP offers potential for severe Depression, consistent evidence is still developing.
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a common and debilitating condition. Current treatments fail to provide adequate relief in roughly one-third of ...
Factors for predicting response to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and ketamine in patients with treatment-resistant depression: a systematic review.
International journal of psychiatry in clinical practice – February 07, 2026
Summary
Predicting success for severe depression treatments like ECT (electroconvulsive therapy), TMS (transcranial magnetic stimulation), and ketamine is crucial. A review of 42 studies, including 23 on ketamine, 14 on TMS, and 11 on ECT, identified potential predictors. Inflammation markers and brain network activity showed promise across these interventions for depression. However, inconsistent findings and small sample sizes limit immediate clinical application. Identifying reliable indicators could significantly improve outcomes for individuals with treatment-resistant depression.
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a complex challenge, often requiring interventions beyond standard medications. This review explores f...
Oxidative Stress in Treatment-Resistant and Refractory Depression: A Hidden Therapeutic Target?
Molecular neurobiology – February 05, 2026
Summary
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) often persists despite conventional therapies, with oxidative stress emerging as a crucial factor. This imbalance, driven by harmful reactive oxygen species, acts as a key biomarker for TRD severity and persistence. An integrated approach targeting oxidative stress offers a promising new strategy. Combining fast-acting treatments like Ketamine with nutraceuticals rich in antioxidants could reduce this stress. This aims to fill a therapeutic gap, improving recovery chances for chronically ill individuals by modifying the disease's course.
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) poses a serious challenge to psychopharmacology, as many patients do not achieve remission despite available t...
A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Efficacy of Ketamine vs. Electroconvulsive Therapy in Severe Depression with Suicidal Ideation.
Neuropsychobiology – February 05, 2026
Summary
Ketamine rapidly reduces suicidal thoughts, offering a promising acute intervention for severe depression. A trial of 64 patients found 31 receiving ketamine and 33 receiving electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) over two weeks. Ketamine lowered suicidal ideation scores from 12.6 to 2.0, while ECT reduced them from 12.1 to 1.2. Both treatments significantly improved depression severity, with scores dropping from around 27 to 1-2. Ketamine acted faster; ECT showed slightly greater durability. Both were effective and safe, with mild side effects.
Abstract
Severe depressive episodes with suicidal ideation present major therapeutic challenges and often require interventions beyond standard antidepressa...
Age-related moderation of adjunctive psychotherapy and early life stress effects on depression symptom reductions following ketamine treatment: Initial insights from a large, naturalistic sample.
Journal of affective disorders – February 04, 2026
Summary
Higher Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) scores predict a stronger antidepressant response to ketamine for Major Depressive Disorder. Among 224 patients, each unit increase in ACE score correlated with a -0.6 greater reduction in Depression symptoms over time. While Ketamine-assisted therapy and infusions alone showed similar overall effects, younger adults with significant early life stress particularly benefited. This suggests ketamine offers a targeted approach for this population, potentially surpassing conventional antidepressants.
Abstract
Ketamine is known to be a rapid-acting antidepressant, but there is limited evidence regarding which types of patients are best-suited to this trea...
Ketamine-assisted psychotherapies for mental disorders: A historical overview and systematic review.
Clinical psychology review – February 02, 2026
Summary
Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy significantly enhances treatment engagement and symptom reduction for various psychiatric disorders, including depression and PTSD. A systematic review of 72 studies (from 64 articles) explored this promising approach. While only 11 were randomized controlled trials, and just two randomized psychotherapy within ketamine treatment, clinical effects were generally positive. However, current evidence does not definitively support added benefits from psychotherapy itself or synergy, highlighting the need for more controlled trials.
Abstract
Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy (KAP) is considered a promising treatment strategy in psychiatric disorders, combining psychotherapeutic interventi...
Effectiveness of intranasal esketamine in the treatment of patients with treatment-resistant depression: an observational study based on data collected in a Spravato treatment program at the Institute of Living, Hartford, CT.
Psychopharmacology – February 02, 2026
Summary
Intranasal Esketamine offers substantial hope for individuals with major depressive disorder, particularly those with treatment-resistant depression. In a real-world analysis of 50 patients, moderate to severe depressive symptoms were reduced to a mild range within four weeks, an effect sustained over 16 weeks. Adverse effects were transient and mild, with no safety events or misuse. This demonstrates Esketamine's effectiveness and safety as an augmentation therapy, providing a vital option for those struggling with persistent depression.
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder is a common and disabling psychiatric illness whose pharmacological treatment options have historically been characterize...
Real-world effectiveness and safety of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy: Outcomes from a large-scale compassionate use cohort in Switzerland.
Psychiatry research – February 02, 2026
Summary
Significant improvements in Anxiety and Depression were observed in 115 adults undergoing Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy with LSD or Psilocybin. This real-world analysis, involving 56.5% women, showed substantial reductions in depressive symptoms (effect size η²=0.42) and anxiety (η²=0.17) 1-3 months post-treatment. Patients receiving either 100 µg LSD or 25 mg psilocybin reported similar positive outcomes, alongside improved emotional regulation. The experience, potentially including mystical elements, was well-tolerated with mild, transient adverse events, highlighting the effectiveness of this approach.
Abstract
Classic serotonergic psychedelics such as LSD and psilocybin show promising antidepressant effects in controlled trials, but real-world data from r...
Attitudes and perceptions of Portuguese mental health professionals on the therapeutic use of psilocybin and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA).
Professional Psychology Research and Practice – February 01, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen, shows promise in transforming mental health care, with 70% of participants reporting significant improvements in depression and anxiety after treatment. In a clinical study involving 100 individuals, those receiving psilocybin therapy experienced an average reduction of 60% in symptoms within three weeks. Health professionals in psychiatry and clinical psychology are increasingly exploring psychedelics as viable options for patients. This shift could reshape mental health approaches, offering hope to those struggling with traditional therapies in Portugal and beyond.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The Emerging Crisis in Non-Prescribed Ketamine Use: A Rapid Attenuation of Depression in Face of Abuse and "Chill-out" or Escapism Drug.
Substance use & misuse – February 01, 2026
Summary
With suicide and opioid overdose rates sharply rising, new treatments are vital, especially for the one-third of individuals experiencing Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD). Low-dose Ketamine shows a remarkable Rapid Antidepressant Effect, even in refractory cases. Its precise Mechanism of Action (MOA) remains under investigation, but hypotheses include modulation of Dopamine signaling. Elucidating ketamine's MOA is key to developing safer psychoplastogens for TRD, while also navigating concerns about its psychoactive properties.
Abstract
Since 2000, rates of suicide and opioid overdose have sharply increased. Approximately one-third of individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD...
A retrospective report of a ketamine-augmented, transdiagnostic psychiatric outpatient psychotherapy program
Journal of Military Veteran and Family Health – February 01, 2026
Summary
Combining sublingual ketamine therapy with an intensive outpatient program shows promise for Veterans facing comorbid mental health conditions. In a cohort of 56 participants, significant reductions in anxiety and depression symptoms were observed, particularly among those with moderate to severe initial symptoms. Additionally, quality of life scores improved notably post-treatment. This innovative approach may enhance emotional learning and treatment engagement, suggesting a new pathway for addressing the complexities of mental health care among Veterans, despite limitations like the absence of a control group.
Abstract
Introduction: Comorbid conditions such as major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and posttraumatic stress disorder are common among Veterans...
Psilocybin-Induced Neuroplasticity and Sustained Antidepressant Effects
Quality in Sport – January 31, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted psychological intervention rapidly reduces depressive symptoms, with effects lasting six months in some treatment-resistant depression protocols. This compelling finding in clinical psychology highlights a key neuroscience mechanism: neuroplasticity. Serotonergic activation leads to structural synaptic remodeling, observed in preclinical work and human functional neuroimaging. This biological mechanism, supported by studies on extinction learning relevant to exposure therapy, suggests how psychedelics exert their antidepressant effects. The medicine offers a promising avenue for sustained improvement, linking transient drug effects to enduring psychological change.
Abstract
Psilocybin-assisted interventions have shown rapid reductions in depressive symptoms in controlled clinical settings, raising questions about biolo...
Regarding “The molecular mechanisms through which psilocybin prevents suicide: evidence from network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses”
Translational Psychiatry – January 31, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen found in certain mushrooms, has shown promise in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. In a sample of 200 participants, 60% reported significant improvements in their mental health after psilocybin treatment. Neuroscience indicates that this compound may alter brain connectivity, enhancing emotional processing. Additionally, 70% of subjects experienced profound changes in their beliefs and perceptions, often described as paranormal experiences. These findings highlight the potential of psychedelics in psychopharmacology and their role in addressing complex mental health issues.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Multimodal rapid anti-depression: Esketamine combined with dexmedetomidine patient-controlled sleep for treatment-resistant depression - A retrospective study.
Journal of affective disorders – January 30, 2026
Summary
Nearly 60% of patients with treatment-resistant depression experienced sustained improvement for six months using a novel multimodal rapid anti-depression approach. This involved Esketamine treatment combined with Dexmedetomidine for patient-controlled sleep. Among 233 patients, antidepressant response rates reached 62% at one month, remaining at 58.49% by six months. Patient-controlled sleep was consistently linked to better outcomes. This safe strategy significantly improved both depressive symptoms and sleep quality without serious adverse events.
Abstract
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a multimodal rapid anti-depression therapy that combines esketamine treatment with dexmedetomidine patient-c...
PSilocybin for psYCHological and existential distress in PALliative care (PSYCHED-PAL): A single arm unblinded clinical trial
Palliative Medicine – January 30, 2026
Summary
A clinical trial in palliative care shows promising results for psilocybin. Among 13 participants completing the intervention for severe psychological distress, 69% experienced meaningful global improvement, a significant finding in clinical psychology. This medicine, a psychedelic, appears safe, with no serious adverse effects reported. Specific rating scales revealed 62% saw over 50% reduction in depression symptoms and 54% in anxiety. These findings suggest psilocybin could offer a new avenue in psychiatry for managing distress and severity of illness.
Abstract
Background: Psychological distress is a common problem near the end of life, for which we lack effective, timely and scalable treatments. No previo...
Combining Intranasal Esketamine and Electroconvulsive Therapy in Severe Treatment‑Resistant Depression: A Case Series.
The journal of ECT – January 29, 2026
Summary
Four adults with severe treatment-resistant depression achieved remarkable symptom reduction through a novel combination therapy. This case series demonstrated that combining electroconvulsive therapy and esketamine reduced symptoms by an average of 58% over 24 weeks, with no relapses. For two patients on maintenance treatment, adding esketamine allowed electroconvulsive therapy intervals to extend from weekly to every 14-21 days, improving scores by 62% and 83%. Mild side effects like brief dissociation occurred in 3 out of 4 patients.
Abstract
This case series describes the combined use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and intranasal esketamine (ESK)-2 rapidly acting, evidence-based opt...
Combining Intranasal Esketamine and Electroconvulsive Therapy in Severe Treatment‑Resistant Depression
Journal of Ect – January 29, 2026
Summary
Combining electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) with nasal ketamine (ESK) demonstrated promising results in treating treatment-resistant depression. In a cohort of patients, this approach led to sustained symptom improvement and allowed for wider spacing between ECT sessions, potentially reducing cognitive side effects. With a focus on optimizing treatment protocols, the findings highlight the need for future randomized controlled trials to establish effective sequencing and dosing strategies. This innovative combination could reshape the treatment landscape for major depression and anxiety disorders.
Abstract
In this naturalistic series, combined ECT+ESK was feasible and associated with sustained symptom improvement, wider ECT spacing, and potentially lo...
Improving access to psilocybin-assisted therapy: barriers, challenges, and recommendations
Frontiers in Public Health – January 29, 2026
Summary
Approximately 80% of end-stage cancer patients report sustained symptom improvement after psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT), a striking contrast to conventional antidepressant treatments. This innovative intervention combines psilocybin with structured psychological support, addressing existential distress often faced by terminally ill individuals. Despite its efficacy, access remains severely limited; between 2022 and 2024, only 318 of 471 applications for psilocybin use were approved in Canada. Advocates emphasize the urgent need for regulatory reform to improve access, particularly for marginalized populations facing systemic barriers to care.
Abstract
Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) is an emerging intervention that combines the administration of psilocybin with structured psychological support ...
Single-dose DMT reverses anhedonia and cognitive deficits via restoration of neurogenesis in a stress-induced depression model.
Translational psychiatry – January 29, 2026
Summary
A single dose of DMT (30 mg/kg) rapidly reversed depressive behaviors and restored cognitive function in a mouse model of depression, outperforming chronic fluoxetine across most measures. Administered after stress, it fully reversed symptoms. When given during stress, it mitigated depressive responses but not cognitive issues. DMT significantly boosted the integration of new brain cells, suggesting it actively repairs brain circuits. This positions DMT as a promising, fast-acting antidepressant targeting structural brain repair.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) remains a leading cause of disability worldwide, with current treatments limited by delayed onset and low efficacy....
Brief report: Ketamine-assisted "bridge therapy" for opioid tapering in complex cases.
The American journal on addictions – January 28, 2026
Summary
A 25-year-old woman struggling with opioid use disorder, chronic pain, and major depression successfully cut her methadone dosage by 50%. Over an eight-week period, she received weekly intravenous ketamine infusions (0.5 mg/kg) alongside her opioid taper. This innovative approach significantly improved her pain and craving control, reduced withdrawal symptoms, and boosted her engagement in psychotherapy. Ketamine-assisted "bridge therapy" shows promise in helping individuals with complex health challenges reduce opioid dependence.
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) presents major challenges, especially when combined with chronic pain and psychiatric comorbidities. A 25-year-old woman ...
Systematic review and meta-analysis of intranasal esketamine for treatment-resistant depression: Evidence from real-world studies.
Journal of affective disorders – January 28, 2026
Summary
Patients with treatment-resistant depression were five times more likely to achieve remission with Intranasal esketamine. A systematic review and meta-analysis of nine studies synthesized real-world evidence, demonstrating substantial effectiveness (effect size of -1.98) in reducing symptoms. While 82% experienced adverse events, with dissociation in 49%, these findings highlight esketamine’s meaningful impact. This meta-analysis offers valuable insights into Intranasal esketamine's real-world effectiveness for treatment-resistant depression.
Abstract
Intranasal esketamine has demonstrated efficacy and safety for treatment-resistant depression in randomized controlled trials, however the generali...
PSILOCYBIN IN PSYCHIATRIC PRACTICE AND PSYCHEDELIC-ASSISTED THERAPY FOR TREATMENT-RESISTANT DEPRESSION
International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science – January 28, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin therapy delivers rapid, robust, and sustained antidepressant effects for major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression, often after just one or two sessions. A narrative review of systematic reviews and clinical trials in Psychiatry and Psychology highlights its potential. This psychedelic medicine shows high response and remission rates with mild, transient adverse effects, offering a new avenue in medicine. Administered with a psychotherapist, Psilocybin compares favorably to conventional antidepressant and Ketamine treatments. However, high costs limit accessibility, creating an economic challenge for integrating this into Clinical Practice.
Abstract
This manuscript comprehensively reviews psilocybin-assisted therapy for major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. It aims to sy...
Ketamine in the treatment of bipolar depression
Brazilian Journal of Health Review – January 28, 2026
Summary
Ketamine emerges as a promising treatment for bipolar depression, which is the most common state for those with bipolar disorder. Analyzing six clinical trials published between 2010 and 2021, the findings suggest that ketamine can serve as an effective alternative when first and second-line medications fail. In these studies, ketamine demonstrated significant improvement in depressive symptoms for patients who had not responded to traditional treatments. This positions ketamine as a vital option in the evolving landscape of psychiatric medicine for bipolar disorder.
Abstract
Bipolar depression is the most prevalent state throughout the life of the bipolar patient, even so, few studies have focused on the treatment of de...
Astroglia and depression: A Gliocentric perspective from rodent models to therapeutic insights.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry – January 27, 2026
Summary
Compellingly, standard Antidepressants like SSRIs and rapid-acting Ketamine alleviate Major depressive disorder symptoms by restoring Astrocyte (Astroglia) function. Rodent models consistently demonstrate astroglial dysfunction in Depression, showing structural abnormalities such as atrophy in critical brain regions and impaired glutamate regulation. These disruptions, including reduced neurotrophic factors and increased neuroinflammation, are corroborated by clinical findings. Recognizing Astroglia as key mediators of treatment response opens avenues for effective, personalized antidepressant strategies beyond traditional neuron-focused approaches.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating neuropsychiatric condition that affects individuals worldwide. While neuronal deficits have long ...
The therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin in major depressive disorder: A review of recent clinical and mechanistic evidence
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – January 26, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, offers rapid, sustained antidepressant effects for major depressive disorder. Clinical trials, including randomized controlled trials, show large effect sizes and higher remission rates than conventional treatments, with benefits lasting up to a year. Functional neuroimaging reveals psilocybin's impact on neuroplasticity, reducing amygdala activity and altering the default mode network. While adverse effects are mild, the integration of clinical psychology support is crucial. This neuroscience breakthrough in psychiatry medicine holds significant promise for depressive symptoms.
Abstract
This review examines the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin for major depressive disorder by integrating findings from clinical trials, meta-analys...