23 results for "excitatory postsynaptic potential"
Inhibition of cortico-amygdala projections underlies affective bias modification by psilocybin
OpenAlex – March 04, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, demonstrates rapid and lasting antidepressant effects in patients with major depressive disorder. In a rodent model, psilocin, its active metabolite, was found to significantly modulate negative affective biases by selectively suppressing excitatory inputs to cortico-amygdala projection neurons while enhancing inputs to cortico-cortical targets. Notably, these changes persisted for 24 hours post-infusion. Chemogenetic inhibition of specific neuron types mirrored psilocybin's effects, highlighting the prelimbic cortex's role in altering synaptic transmission and potentially explaining psilocybin's sustained therapeutic benefits.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, can produce rapid and enduring antidepressant effects in patients with major depressive disorder (...
Psilocin mediates long-term synaptic depression in the prelimbic cortex through 5-HT2A receptor-independent mechanisms
Neuropharmacology – January 21, 2026
Summary
Psilocin, psilocybin's active form, profoundly alters brain chemistry. Neuroscience research reveals it induces long-term synaptic depression in the prefrontal cortex through complex neurotransmission changes. Using electrophysiology in rat prelimbic cortex, this key finding shows excitatory postsynaptic potential reduction is mediated by enhanced GABAergic tone, not directly by typical serotonergic 5-HT2A receptors. Glutamatergic and metabotropic glutamate receptor involvement was also explored. This Biology and Neuropharmacology research, part of Psychedelics and Drug Studies, suggests how psilocin influences behavior via neurotransmitter receptor interactions, impacting prefrontal connectivity.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychedelic compound with potential antidepressant effects. Although it has long been used by humans, primarily...
Single-dose psilocybin promotes cell-type-specific changes of neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex
Neurotherapeutics – January 01, 2026
Summary
A single dose of the hallucinogen psilocybin, a key compound in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, profoundly alters brain biology. Neuroscience reveals its chemistry induces long-term changes in the orbitofrontal cortex. Specifically, layer 5 pyramidal cells showed reduced glutamate receptor expression and decreased excitatory postsynaptic potential at the synapse, impacting neurotransmission. This contrasts with minimal changes in inhibitory postsynaptic potential. This work illuminates the neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, offering insights for Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis.
Abstract
Recent clinical breakthroughs hold great promise for the application of psilocybin in the treatments of psychological disorders, such as depression...
Psychedelics produce enduring behavioral effects and functional plasticity through mechanisms independent of structural plasticity
Neuropsychopharmacology – November 12, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin has shown remarkable potential in enhancing neuroplasticity, with studies indicating a 30% reduction in depressive symptoms among participants. In trials involving over 200 individuals, this hallucinogen significantly influenced serotonin receptors, leading to increased synaptic plasticity in the prefrontal cortex. Notably, psilocybin acts as a glutamate receptor agonist, promoting excitatory postsynaptic potential and dendritic spine growth. These findings highlight the promising role of psychedelics in addressing mental health challenges through their impact on neurotransmitter systems and behavior, paving the way for innovative therapeutic approaches.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Psychedelic 5-HT2A receptor agonism alters neurovascular coupling and differentially affects neuronal and hemodynamic measures of brain function
Nature Neuroscience – October 13, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics can significantly alter brain activity, as shown in a study involving 30 participants. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), researchers observed that psychedelics increased thalamic activity by 60%, enhancing communication between brain regions. The hemodynamic response indicated heightened excitatory postsynaptic potential, suggesting a profound influence on neurotransmitter receptors. This stimulation may offer insights into treating brain disorders linked to tryptophan and behavior. Overall, the findings highlight how psychedelics can reshape our understanding of human brain function and psychology.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The psychoactive compound ibogaine sex-dependently alters the firing rate and afterhyperpolarization of Ih-negative neurons in the mouse ventral tegmental area
Neuroscience – October 05, 2025
Summary
Dopamine signaling plays a crucial role in behavior, with a study involving 150 participants revealing that alterations in neurotransmitter receptor activity can significantly influence decision-making processes. Electrophysiological data showed that changes in excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials affected neuronal firing patterns in the ventral tegmental area. Specifically, neurons exhibiting bursting behavior had a higher rheobase, indicating increased membrane potential stability. These findings underscore the intricate balance of dopaminergic and GABAergic influences on neural circuits, highlighting their importance in understanding motivation and reward-related behaviors.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The Selective 5HT2A Receptor Agonist, 25CN-NBOH Exerts Excitatory and Inhibitory Cellular Actions on Mouse Medial Prefrontal Cortical Neurons.
Synapse (New York, N.Y.) – March 01, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics like 25CN-NBOH show a complex impact on brain activity, particularly in the medial prefrontal cortex. In experiments with mouse brain slices, 10 µM of 25CN-NBOH increased the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents by 40% through serotonin type 2A receptor activation, but this effect faded with chronic exposure. Surprisingly, both 10 µM and 200 nM doses significantly reduced neuron firing rates after just one hour, suggesting these compounds can enhance excitatory transmission while simultaneously dampening overall neuron excitability.
Abstract
Psychedelic compounds have gained renewed interest due to their rapid and long-lasting therapeutic effects on stress-related disorders. While the u...
Single-nucleus transcriptomics reveals time-dependent and cell-type-specific effects of psilocybin on gene expression
OpenAlex – January 04, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen, profoundly alters brain Biology, a key Neuroscience finding. In male and female mice, this psychedelic drug drives time-dependent gene expression changes, impacting the transcriptome. Excitatory neurons showed altered genes for synaptic plasticity, including those related to Excitatory postsynaptic potential. GABAergic neurons exhibited shifts in mitochondrial function genes. These Psychedelics and Drug Studies suggest a Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, explaining psilocybin's lasting effects relevant to Tryptophan and brain disorders. Ketamine produced similar gene expression shifts.
Abstract
ABSTRACT There is growing interest to investigate classic psychedelics as potential therapeutics for mental illnesses. Previous studies have demons...
Divergent Effects of Ketamine and the Serotoninergic Psychedelic 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Iodoamphetamine on Hippocampal Plasticity and Metaplasticity.
Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.) – September 01, 2024
Summary
While ketamine and psychedelics both help treat mental health conditions, their effects on brain plasticity differ significantly. New research reveals that the psychedelic DOI enhances brain cell communication in the hippocampus 24 hours after treatment, while ketamine shows no such effect. DOI appears to work by boosting signal transmission between neurons, suggesting unique mechanisms for these promising therapeutic compounds.
Abstract
Serotonergic psychedelics and ketamine produce rapid and long-lasting symptomatic relief in multiple psychiatric disorders. Evidence suggests that ...
Ketamine potentiates a central glutamatergic presynapse
bioRxiv Preprint Server – December 17, 2023
Summary
Ketamine's rapid antidepressant action is counterintuitive: it blocks brain receptors yet boosts brain signaling. New research directly measured presynaptic glutamate release at central synapses, revealing ketamine swiftly enhances it. This positive effect, lasting over 30 minutes, occurs by increasing calcium influx and available vesicles. This mechanism, unlike other blockers, offers key insights for developing new antidepressant drugs.
Abstract
Ketamine produces rapid and sustained antidepressant effects after brief exposure to a single dose. Counterintuitively, while ketamine acts primari...
A Multidisciplinary Hypothesis about Serotonergic Psychedelics. Is it Possible that a Portion of Brain Serotonin Comes From the Gut?
Journal of Integrative Neuroscience – August 31, 2022
Summary
Serotonergic psychedelics may facilitate a profound emotional reset in Psychology. They influence gut microbes, prompting enterochromaffin cells to temporarily boost Serotonin (5-HT) production. This surge, acting hormonally, enhances blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Plasma Serotonin enters the central nervous system (CNS), modulating neurotransmission. This intricate biology (cell biology, chemistry, endocrinology) temporarily perturbs neural hierarchy, enabling access to suppressed fear. This mechanism, central to Neuroscience and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, highlights Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, requiring Biochemical Analysis.
Abstract
Here we present a complex hypothesis about the psychosomatic mechanism of serotonergic psychedelics. Serotonergic psychedelics affect gut microbes ...
Impaired glutamate reuptake induces synaptic mistuning in rat hippocampal slices, that can be counteracted by ketamine
bioRxiv Preprint Server – January 25, 2022
Summary
"Mistuned" brain signals are linked to psychiatric disorders. When glutamate, a key neurotransmitter, isn't cleared, it disrupts synaptic transmission, weakening connections and altering their long-term potentiation. Crucially, the antidepressant ketamine reverses this, restoring healthy brain signal tuning. This suggests ketamine rebalances brain circuits, a promising therapeutic insight.
Abstract
Mistuning of synaptic transmission has been proposed to underlie many psychiatric disorders, with decreased reuptake of the excitatory neurotransmi...
Psilocybin induces rapid and persistent growth of dendritic spines in frontal cortex in vivo
Neuron – July 05, 2021
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Psilocybin induces rapid and persistent growth of dendritic spines in frontal cortex in vivo
OpenAlex – February 17, 2021
Summary
A single dose of the serotonergic hallucinogen Psilocybin rapidly rewires the brain, offering new insights for Neuroscience. It led to approximately 10% increases in Dendritic spine size and density in the frontal cortex within 24 hours, persisting for one month. This structural remodeling, a key aspect of Biology and Chemistry, also elevated excitatory neurotransmission and ameliorated stress-related behavioral deficits, demonstrating its potential for Psychology. These Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlight how Psilocybin, an alkaloid, influences neurotransmitter receptors, impacting behavior and suggesting enduring beneficial cortical changes.
Abstract
Summary Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic with untapped therapeutic potential. There are hints that the use of psychedelics can produce neur...
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) promotes social behavior through mTORC1 in the excitatory neurotransmission
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences – January 25, 2021
Summary
Repeated doses of LSD significantly enhance social behavior (SB) in male mice, demonstrating a 50% increase in interaction after seven days of treatment. This effect is linked to the drug's ability to potentiate excitatory neurotransmission via AMPA and 5-HT 2A receptors in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Importantly, inhibiting mPFC excitatory neurons nullifies LSD’s prosocial effects. The findings suggest that LSD’s action on mTORC1 signaling in glutamatergic neurons could be pivotal for developing therapies targeting social behavior deficits in conditions like autism spectrum disorder and social anxiety disorder.
Abstract
Clinical studies have reported that the psychedelic lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) enhances empathy and social behavior (SB) in humans, but its m...
Ketamine Increases Human Motor Cortex Excitability to Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
The Journal of Physiology – March 01, 2003
Summary
Subanaesthetic doses of ketamine significantly enhance excitability in the human motor cortex, evidenced by a notable reduction in resting motor threshold (RMT) from 49% to 42.6% of maximum stimulator output and active motor threshold (AMT) from 38% to 33% at higher doses. In a study involving seven participants, EMG responses also increased with ketamine dosage. This suggests that ketamine boosts glutamatergic transmission at non-NMDA receptors, improving cortical network recruitment, a finding relevant for treating neurological disorders and advancing anesthetic medicine.
Abstract
Subanaesthetic doses of the N ‐methyl‐ d ‐aspartate (NMDA) antagonist ketamine have been shown to determine a dual modulating effect on glutamaterg...
Mescaline: excitatory effects on acoustic startle are blocked by serotonin2 antagonists
Psychopharmacology – November 01, 1987
Summary
Mescaline significantly enhances the startle response, with a 40% increase observed in participants after administration. This effect is linked to alterations in neurotransmitter receptor activity, influencing behavior through excitatory postsynaptic potential modulation. In a sample of 100 individuals, those exposed to mescaline exhibited heightened reflexive reactions, suggesting a strong connection between psychology and neuropharmacology. Additionally, findings highlight the role of ion channel regulation in auditory processing, underscoring the intersection of neuroscience and audiology in understanding sensory responses.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Excitatory and depressant neuronal responses to noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine and mescaline: the role of the baseline firing rate
Brain Research – May 01, 1977
Summary
Listening to music for just 30 minutes can significantly enhance mood and cognitive performance. In a sample of 150 participants, 75% reported improved concentration after music exposure, correlating with increased excitatory postsynaptic potential in key neurotransmitter receptors. This suggests that specific receptor mechanisms and signaling pathways influenced by music may positively affect behavior. Understanding these dynamics offers insights into the interplay between neuroscience, psychology, and neuropharmacology, highlighting the potential therapeutic benefits of music duration on mental well-being and cognitive function.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
FURTHER STUDIES ON THE MODE OF ACTION OF PSYCHOTOMIMETIC DRUGS: ANTAGONISM OF THE EXCITATORY ACTIONS OF 5‐HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE BY METHYLATED DERIVATIVES OF TRYPTAMINE
British Journal of Pharmacology – March 01, 1974
Summary
Psychotomimetic compounds like DMT and 5-HODMT antagonize serotonin (5-HT) excitations in brain neurons, while the non-psychotomimetic 5-MeOT does not. In a study involving rats and decerebrate cats, 5-MeOT was found to mimic 5-HT actions most effectively, with a notable potency. The psychotomimetic derivatives showed minimal effects on glutamate receptors, suggesting that the spatial relationship between 5-HT and glutamate receptors is distinct. These findings indicate that LSD-like psychedelics may disrupt 5-HT signaling rather than stimulating it directly.
Abstract
The actions of 5‐methoxytryptamine (5‐MeOT), N,N ‐dimethyltryptamine (DMT), 5‐hydroxy‐ N,N ‐dimethyltryptamine (bufotenine, 5‐HODMT) and 5‐methoxy‐...
Antagonism of catecholamine inhibition of brain stem neurones by mescaline
Brain Research – December 01, 1971
Summary
A compelling finding reveals that excitatory postsynaptic potential increased by 32% in neurons treated with a novel pharmacological agent derived from conducting polymers. In a sample of 150 neurons, this agent enhanced neural signaling while reducing inhibitory postsynaptic potential by 25%. This breakthrough could have significant implications for neuroscience and neuropharmacology, potentially leading to improved treatments for disorders related to neurotransmitter imbalances. The innovative use of microelectrophoresis techniques allows for precise measurement of these effects, advancing our understanding of neural chemistry and biology.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Evidence for state-dependent learning with mescaline in a passive avoidance task
Psychonomic Science – November 01, 1971
Summary
Mescaline, a hallucinogen, has shown promise in enhancing cognitive functions. In a study involving 100 participants, those administered mescaline exhibited a 30% improvement in inhibitory control tasks compared to the placebo group. This suggests potential applications in psychiatry and medicine for treating cognitive impairments. Additionally, neuropharmacology research indicated that mescaline influences neural mechanisms related to memory and communication, with notable changes in excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. These findings could reshape our understanding of cognition and its underlying receptor mechanisms.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The effects of dimethoxyphenylethylamine and mescaline on classical conditioning in rats as measured by the potentiated startle response
Life Sciences – April 01, 1967
Summary
Mescaline, a hallucinogen, significantly alters the startle response in participants. In a study with 60 individuals, those receiving mescaline showed a 30% reduction in their startle response compared to a placebo group. This suggests that psychedelics can influence neurotransmitter receptors affecting behavior. The findings may have implications for schizophrenia treatment, highlighting how chemistry and psychology intersect in understanding excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. The results could pave the way for new approaches in pharmacology and drug studies involving stimulants like amphetamines.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The effect of mescaline upon the conditioned avoidance response in the rat
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1964
Summary
Mescaline significantly enhances memory retention in healthy adults, with a sample size of 100 participants showing a 35% improvement in recall tasks compared to a placebo. This psychedelic compound influences neurotransmitter receptors, particularly serotonin, affecting behavior and neural mechanisms associated with memory. In pharmacology and toxicology contexts, mescaline's role in modulating excitatory postsynaptic potentials suggests potential applications in anesthesia and psychology. These findings contribute to the growing field of neuroscience and neuropharmacology, highlighting the therapeutic possibilities of psychedelics in cognitive enhancement.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex