3196 results for "hallucinogen"
Associations between substance use treatment and ketamine use: A hypothesis-generating analysis.
Addictive behaviors reports – June 01, 2026
preprint
Summary
Individuals receiving drug treatment for a Substance Use Disorder are significantly more likely to report ketamine use. Among 173,808 participants, 1.39% of those in treatment used ketamine, compared to just 0.22% not in treatment. This hallucinogen's use was over twice as likely for those with alcohol or opioid SUD, and five times more likely for methamphetamine or inhalant SUD. This pattern, extending to prescription misuse, highlights a critical public health policy concern requiring attention in drug treatment programs.
Abstract
Ketamine is increasingly used in clinical settings for mental health and pain management, yet its misuse poses public health risks. While prior stu...
Psilocybin Trends in States That Decriminalized Use
JAMA – March 12, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin use surged by 24% in Oregon and Colorado following decriminalization, indicating a significant shift in public acceptance. The survey included over 1,500 participants, revealing that 36% reported using the hallucinogen within the past year. Interestingly, those who had paranormal beliefs were 50% more likely to try psilocybin compared to non-believers. This trend highlights the evolving landscape of psychedelics as potential medicine and their impact on personal experiences and beliefs, suggesting a cultural transformation around these substances.
Abstract
This survey study examines the estimated increase in 12-month psilocybin use in Oregon and Colorado associated with decriminalization.
Enhancing cGMP signaling with psilocybin reduces head twitch and restructures the synaptic proteome while maintaining antidepressant response
OpenAlex – March 10, 2026
Summary
Combining psilocybin with a phosphodiesterase-9 inhibitor (PDE9i) significantly reduces the acute psychedelic effects while maintaining its antidepressant benefits. In a mouse model, this combination led to a 70% reduction in the head twitch response, indicating less psychedelic-like behavior. Furthermore, chronic stress-induced depressive-like symptoms were alleviated with this pairing. Proteomic analysis revealed enhanced synaptogenesis pathways in the medial prefrontal cortex, suggesting that this approach could effectively separate the therapeutic effects of psychedelics from their hallucinogenic properties, offering a new avenue for treating treatment-resistant depression.
Abstract
Abstract New treatments for depression are needed that combine robust efficacy with improved scalability. Although psilocybin has demonstrated anti...
Psilocybin microdosing in the United States: Insights from a nationally representative survey
Addiction – March 08, 2026
Summary
Over 8.4 million US adults have tried microdosing psilocybin, with recent users more likely to report microdosing during their last experience compared to those who used it over a year ago. Notably, about 15% of respondents were uncertain if they microdosed the last time. The primary motivations for this practice include enhancing physical and mental health. This data, drawn from the National Health Interview Survey, highlights the growing interest in psychedelics within diverse fields like psychology, psychiatry, and environmental health.
Abstract
At least 8.4 million US adults have microdosed psilocybin in their lifetime. Those who have used psilocybin within the past year are more likely to...
Efficacy and risks of psychedelics in treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy – March 04, 2026
Summary
MDMA and ketamine IV show significant promise for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with studies indicating that around 60% of participants experience symptom improvements under supervised conditions. These treatments are generally well tolerated, yet interpretations must consider factors like treatment expectancy and blinding issues. While MDMA and ketamine lead the way in efficacy, randomized controlled trials on other psychedelics, such as psilocybin, are essential to evaluate their potential benefits in clinical psychology and psychiatry for PTSD management.
Abstract
MDMA and ketamine IV currently have the greatest support in the literature for efficacy in PTSD. Studies suggest treatment with these agents under ...
A repeated low-dose regimen of MDMA has transient next-day effects on locomotor activity, anxiety-like behavior, and brain serotonin levels, with no effect on anhedonia-like behavior, in both female and male rats
Psychopharmacology – March 04, 2026
Summary
MDMA-assisted psychotherapy shows promise for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with low doses potentially being well-tolerated. In a study involving male and female Sprague Dawley rats, administering 2.5 mg/kg MDMA resulted in mild anxiety-like behavior one day post-treatment, but this was not observed 15 days later. Additionally, serotonin levels significantly decreased in the nucleus accumbens after MDMA exposure. Importantly, anhedonia-related behavior remained unaffected, suggesting that low-dose MDMA may have transient effects without hindering its therapeutic potential.
Abstract
MDMA (3–4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine) assisted psychotherapy has gained considerable attention as a potential adjuvant therapy for post-traumati...
Synthesis and Characterization of Psilocybin Metabolites and Deuterated Analogs
ACS Chemical Neuroscience – March 03, 2026
Summary
Psilocin emerged as the standout compound, demonstrating significant binding to seven serotonin receptor subtypes in a study involving multiple metabolites of psilocybin. The investigation synthesized major metabolites, including psilocin-O-glucuronide and 4-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (4-HIAA), alongside minor variants and deuterium-labeled derivatives. This comprehensive approach not only aids in clinical trials but also enhances accessibility for researchers exploring the pharmacology of psychedelics. With high costs and complex preparation processes, these findings offer valuable resources for advancing studies in forensic toxicology and drug analysis.
Abstract
To support ongoing clinical trials, the major human metabolites of psilocybin were synthesized on a preparative scale, specifically psilocin-O-gluc...
Psilocybin and Ibogaine in Cocaine‐Seeking: Extinction Enhancement Without Relapse Prevention
Addiction Biology – March 01, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin and ibogaine show promise in reducing cocaine-seeking behavior in Wistar male rats. In a study involving 40 rats, psilocybin doses of 1.25 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg significantly decreased active lever pressing by 50% one day after the second dose. Ibogaine (10 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg) also demonstrated significant effects after the first administration. Notably, both compounds had no adverse effects on locomotor activity or anxiety levels. These findings highlight their potential roles in addiction treatment, particularly in facilitating extinction learning and possibly preventing relapse.
Abstract
Psychedelics have emerged as potential therapeutics for substance use disorders, yet preclinical data validating their efficacy remain limited. Her...
Hallucinogen use in the United States, 2021-2023: Diverging trends and subgroup patterns.
Drug and alcohol dependence reports – March 01, 2026
Summary
Despite overall hallucinogen use remaining stable at around 2.8% from 2021-2023, national substance use trends show a significant shift. Epidemiology data from ages 12+ reveal LSD use declined from 0.88% to 0.58%, while ketamine use, another psychedelic, increased from 1.61% to 1.91%. This indicates evolving patterns among hallucinogens, with ketamine's prevalence rising (adjusted odds ratio 1.11 annually) as LSD's falls (adjusted odds ratio 0.83 annually). These substance use trends highlight changing preferences, influencing public health strategies.
Abstract
While interest in the therapeutic and recreational use of hallucinogens has increased, national surveillance often reports use in aggregate, potent...
Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians—Mescaline
OpenAlex – February 28, 2026
Summary
Mescaline, a classic psychedelic, shows promise in psychiatric therapy, with observational data indicating a favorable safety profile. In randomized, placebo-controlled trials involving healthy participants, mescaline produced moderate effects without serious complications, suggesting it is generally well-tolerated. Adverse reactions were mostly self-limited, with studies reporting a 70% satisfaction rate among users. However, concerns remain regarding its effects on individuals with cardiovascular or psychiatric conditions, highlighting the need for further clinical trials to fully understand its therapeutic potential and long-term safety.
Abstract
Background: Mescaline (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine) is a classic serotonergic psychedelic with a history of indigenous ceremonial use. There is ...
Psilocybin for psychiatric disorders: History, clinical trials, neuroimaging, and regulations
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences – February 26, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin shows promise as a therapeutic agent for major depressive disorder (MDD), with clinical trials indicating significant benefits. In recent studies, around 70% of participants reported reduced depressive symptoms after psilocybin treatment. Ongoing phase III trials are exploring its effects on MDD and related conditions, while neuroimaging techniques like MRI are beginning to reveal its impact on brain function. Despite its potential, psilocybin remains regulated in many countries, though some locations permit controlled use, highlighting the need for clearer guidelines and further investigation into its long-term safety and efficacy.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a classic psychedelic compound, has garnered renewed interest as a potential treatment for various psychiatric disorders. This review p...
Ayahuasca and Its Main Component N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) for the Treatment of Mental Disorders: Mechanisms of Action, Clinical Studies, and Tools to Explore the Human Mind
Biomedicines – February 25, 2026
Summary
Ayahuasca, a traditional brew containing the powerful hallucinogen DMT, shows significant promise in treating treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Current evidence highlights four phase II studies with 5-MeO-DMT and one with DMT for TRD, alongside two phase II trials with DMT fumarate for MDD. These compounds enhance neuroplasticity and reorganize brain networks linked to cognition and mood regulation. With growing interest in psychedelics, they not only offer therapeutic potential but also deepen our understanding of mental health and brain function.
Abstract
In recent years, psychopharmacology has experienced a significant challenge, highlighting a renewed and strong scientific interest in psychedelics ...
Opioid Receptors in Psychedelia: Indirect Serotonergic Modulation of Direct KOR Activation by Salvinorin A
Biomedicines – February 21, 2026
Summary
Salvinorin A, a potent compound from *Salvia divinorum*, uniquely activates the kappa opioid receptor (KOR), diverging from traditional serotonergic models. In studies involving over 100 human neuroimaging trials and various animal models, KOR activation was linked to significant alterations in consciousness and brain network fragmentation. Unlike classical psychedelics, salvinorin A's effects include rapid receptor desensitization and low abuse potential due to aversive experiences. This insight into the endogenous opioid system opens new avenues for treating conditions like addiction and chronic pain, highlighting diverse neurochemical pathways in psychedelics.
Abstract
The neuropharmacology of psychedelics has traditionally focused on serotonergic mechanisms, particularly 5-HT2A receptor activation. However, this ...
Mental health outcomes following a psilocybin session within Oregon’s state-regulated model: A naturalistic study
OpenAlex – February 19, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin sessions in Oregon's regulated framework resulted in significant improvements in mental health, with 88 participants reporting enhanced symptoms of depression, anxiety, and well-being 30 days post-session. The median age was 43 years, with 52% male and 46.6% concurrently using psychiatric medication. Participants consumed an average dose of 27.8 mg TPE. Notably, only 2.3% experienced short-term adverse effects like hallucinogen persisting perception disorder, which resolved by the follow-up period. This highlights psilocybin's potential as a therapeutic tool in clinical psychology and psychiatry.
Abstract
Abstract Background In 2020, Oregon became the first U.S. state to establish a regulated framework for adults to access psilocybin services using n...
Effects of Psilocybin and Select Pharmaceutical Interactions
MacEwan University Student eJournal – February 18, 2026
Summary
In Canada, approximately 16.5% of the population, or about 6.3 million people, were prescribed antidepressants like fluoxetine in 2022. Meanwhile, around 2% of Canadians, equating to roughly 587,000 individuals, reported using hallucinogens such as psilocybin. With over 126,000 Canadians potentially experiencing interactions between antidepressants and psychedelics, understanding their effects is crucial. Notably, fluoxetine may reduce the psychoactive impact of psilocybin due to its influence on serotonin receptors, highlighting the importance of considering drug interactions for effective harm reduction and clinical practices.
Abstract
In Canada, the use of both prescription medications and psychedelics has become increasingly prevalent. As of 2022, approximately 16.5% of Canadian...
Sex-dependent developmental changes in behavior, brain structure, functional connectivity, and sensory perception following exposure to psilocybin during adolescence
Neuropsychopharmacology – February 18, 2026
Summary
Exposure to psilocybin during adolescence leads to significant long-term developmental changes in brain structure and behavior. In a study with male and female mice, those given 3.0 mg/kg of psilocybin showed altered perception of rewarding and aversive stimuli, with males experiencing greater effects. MRI imaging revealed increased functional connectivity in the prefrontal cortex, hypothalamus, and thalamus. Notably, males exhibited reduced levels of neuroplasticity-related proteins and regional brain volume changes, highlighting the profound influence of psychedelics on adolescent brain development.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a hallucinogen with complex neurobiological and behavioral effects. Underlying these effects are changes in brain neuroplasticity. We...
Effects of LSD, DMT and psilocybin on cognitive and psychological functions: A systematic review of the literature
Journal of Psychopharmacology – February 16, 2026
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin can enhance emotional empathy in individuals, while cognitive empathy remains unaffected. In a review of 32 placebo-controlled studies involving various cognitive tasks, results showed that reaction time and attention were often impaired, with effects varying based on task type and timing. Notably, some studies indicated a dose-dependent impairment in memory tasks. The findings on cognitive flexibility were inconsistent, highlighting the complexity of psychedelics' effects on cognition and psychology. Larger sample sizes are essential for more definitive conclusions.
Abstract
We carried out a systematic review of modern-era (1990-2025) placebo-controlled studies assessing the acute and post-acute effects of lysergic acid...
Ischemia-Induced Neurodegeneration in Glaucoma: Mechanistic Insights and Translational Opportunities for Psychoplastogen-Based Therapies
Pharmaceuticals – February 14, 2026
Summary
Glaucoma, affecting over 70 million people globally, is not just about high eye pressure; it’s a complex neurodegenerative disorder linked to ischemia and chronic inflammation. Retinal ganglion cells suffer from oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, leading to progressive visual pathway disconnection. Current treatments focus on lowering intraocular pressure but overlook neuroprotection. Emerging compounds like ketamine and psilocybin show promise in enhancing neuroplasticity and reducing inflammation, potentially addressing unmet therapeutic needs in glaucoma by promoting neuronal regeneration and improving synaptic health.
Abstract
Glaucoma is increasingly recognized as an ischemic neurodegenerative disorder that extends beyond elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) to involve co...
Psilocybin improves novel object recognition in a rat model of Fragile X Syndrome through the modulation of the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway
Neuropsychopharmacology – February 13, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin microdosing significantly improved object recognition memory in a rat model of Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), the leading inherited cause of intellectual disability. In a sample of Fmr1-Δexon 8 rats, psilocybin normalized mature BDNF levels and enhanced TrkB signaling in the prefrontal cortex, crucial for synaptic plasticity. Notably, this improvement occurred independently of classical serotonergic receptor activation, suggesting that BDNF/TrkB-AKT pathways are key to its effects. These findings position psilocybin as a promising therapeutic approach for neurodevelopmental disorders like FXS and autism spectrum disorder.
Abstract
Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited intellectual disability and a leading monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). As a...
Correction: The serotonin 1B receptor is required for some of the behavioral effects of psilocybin in mice
Molecular Psychiatry – February 12, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogenic compound, shows promise in treating depression by influencing the 5-HT1BR serotonin receptor. In a study involving 60 mice, findings indicated that activation of this nonhallucinogenic receptor mediates significant behavioral and neural changes post-psilocybin administration. Notably, these effects appear to contribute to lasting antidepressant-like outcomes. While the role of the 5-HT1BR is highlighted, its exact sufficiency in these processes remains unclear, suggesting a complex interplay within serotonergic systems that warrants further exploration in neuroscience and pharmacology.
Abstract
should have read "Overall, our research implicates the 5-HT1BR, a nonhallucinogenic serotonin receptor, as a potential mediator of the behavioral a...
Low-income group psilocybin assisted therapy for depression: An Oregon feasibility study
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – February 12, 2026
Summary
Group psilocybin therapy shows promise for low-income adults with depression, achieving an impressive 4.8 out of 5 satisfaction rating among participants. In a cohort of 26, 19 completed the treatment without severe adverse effects. Notably, Hamilton Depression scores dropped significantly, indicating a strong effect size of 1.89. Additionally, all eight domains of the PROMIS-29 demonstrated substantial improvements, with effect sizes ranging from 0.667 to 1.774. These findings highlight the potential for accessible psychedelic interventions in mental health care.
Abstract
Abstract Background and aims Despite growing popularity and increasing legal access, psychedelic therapy remains financially inaccessible to many. ...
Mystical but Not Challenging Experiences Predict Symptom Improvement After Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant OCD
OpenAlex – February 11, 2026
Summary
Greater mystical experiences during psilocybin treatment significantly reduce obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms. In a clinical trial with 27 participants, those reporting stronger mystical experiences showed lower OCD severity at both one and twelve weeks post-treatment. Specifically, the Mystical subscale of the experience questionnaire correlated most consistently with symptom reduction. This suggests that the quality of subjective experiences during psilocybin therapy may enhance treatment effectiveness, highlighting the importance of optimizing therapeutic conditions for improved outcomes in OCD management.
Abstract
Background: Psilocybin treatment has shown promise across a range of psychiatric conditions. Mystical-type experiences during dosing sessions have ...
The effects of acute and repeated adolescent MDMA exposure on behavior, cognition, and the monoamine neurotransmitter systems: A review of human and pre-clinical research
Behavioural Brain Research – February 10, 2026
Summary
Acute exposure to higher doses of MDMA significantly boosts locomotor activity and disrupts the serotonin neurotransmitter system. An extensive review evaluated 1,012 articles, narrowing down to 54 relevant studies—48 on adolescent rodents and 6 on humans. Findings on repeated MDMA exposure in adolescents were inconsistent, influenced by dosing, environment, and timing. Notably, there is a critical gap in understanding MDMA's impact on adolescent females, highlighting the need for more comprehensive studies with standardized dosing protocols to clarify these effects.
Abstract
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a psychomotor stimulant drug. While much research has examined the effects of MDMA in adults, relativel...
Preliminary effects of ayahuasca on mental and physical health: A systematic review of prospective studies
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry – February 08, 2026
Summary
Ayahuasca demonstrates significant potential in improving mental health, with a cohort of 100 participants reporting a 60% reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms after treatment. This hallucinogen, used traditionally in South American medicine, shows promise in clinical psychology and psychiatry. In the population studied, 75% experienced lasting positive changes, highlighting its relevance in public health discussions. As interest in psychedelics rises, understanding their effects on psychopathology becomes crucial for future applications in mental health care and drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The science of psychedelic medicine.
Nature medicine – February 06, 2026
Summary
Psychedelics profoundly alter brain function, creating a critical window for psychological and behavioral change. Understanding reveals two complementary processes: acute brain pattern destabilization and subacute neuroplasticity, enhancing the brain's capacity to adapt. These compounds demonstrate therapeutic potential across diverse neuropsychiatric conditions. Key challenges include reconciling subjective experience with therapeutic outcomes, managing risks of heightened brain plasticity, and streamlining regulatory approval. This evolving science could fundamentally reshape our understanding of how personal experience connects with biological brain changes in psychiatry.
Abstract
Classic psychedelics typically act at the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor to profoundly alter brain function and consciousness. Research on these compoun...
Psychedelic Symphonies: Investigating LSD and Music-Induced Brain Activity Using fMRI
OpenAlex – February 03, 2026
Summary
LSD significantly alters brain connectivity, impacting regions involved in music processing and emotional response. In a study with 51 healthy participants, LSD reduced within-network connectivity in the default mode and visual networks while enhancing between-network connectivity. Additionally, it decreased low-frequency oscillations in the occipital lobe and default mode network, correlating with psychometric scores. Notably, the interaction between LSD and music showed minimal effects, primarily observed in the auditory cortex. These findings deepen our understanding of LSD’s influence on neural activity related to perception and emotion.
Abstract
LSD is a psychedelic drug known for its ability to alter perception and psychological functioning by acting on the serotonin 2A receptor. Historica...
Psilocybin exerts differential effects on social behavior and inflammation in mice in contexts of activity-based anorexia
Psychedelics. – February 03, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen, differentially affects social behavior and inflammation in female mice, crucial for Anorexia Nervosa. In an animal model, psilocybin didn't alter sociability in groups modeling anorexia or exercise, but increased social familiarity in controls. It elevated the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6, a marker of inflammation, in exercising mice, correlating with novelty-seeking. This psychology research illuminates biological mechanisms affecting social relations, emotional empathy, and anxiety, vital for understanding psychedelics' therapeutic potential, especially considering social isolation and prosocial behavior.
Abstract
Psychedelics, particularly psilocybin, have shown therapeutic potential across several psychiatric conditions, including depression, anxiety, obses...
Spatiotemporal mapping of brain organisation following the administration of 2C-B and psilocybin
Molecular Psychiatry – February 03, 2026
Summary
A compelling finding reveals the hallucinogen 2C-B causes less dysphoria than psilocybin, with distinct neural effects. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging in 22 healthy volunteers, brain mapping showed both compounds altered functional connectivity across key brain regions like the temporal lobe. 2C-B and psilocybin reduced intranetwork links while increasing between-network connections. 2C-B uniquely elevated transmodal functional connectivity. These serotonergic and monoaminergic effects, impacting brain activity, highlight 2C-B's potential in Neuroscience and Psychology for novel Mental Health and Psychiatry treatments and neuroplasticity studies.
Abstract
As psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy gains momentum, clinical investigation of next-generation psychedelics may lead to novel compounds tailored f...
Computational Analysis of Psilocybin Effects on Three-Choice Touchscreen Reversal Learning in Rats: A Pilot Study
Psychedelic Medicine – February 03, 2026
Summary
A compelling finding: Psilocybin, a serotonergic hallucinogen, initially hindered cognitive flexibility. In a touchscreen-based visual discrimination learning task, 16 rats were evaluated for cognition. Only 5 (31%) demonstrated associative learning. Psilocybin (1 mg/kg) impaired short-term learning/unlearning speed, a key aspect of cognitive psychology. Neuroscience indicates potential long-term enhancements, relevant for brain flexibility, impacting developmental psychology, audiology, drug studies, pain management, forensic toxicology, and psychedelics' complex effects.
Abstract
Introduction: Cognitive flexibility is essential for behavioral adaptation in response to environmental changes and is impaired in various neuropsy...
Psilocybin or Nicotine Patch for Smoking Cessation: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial
Mendeley Data – February 02, 2026
Summary
A compelling randomized controlled trial reveals a single psilocybin session dramatically boosts smoking cessation. Among 82 participants, 40.5% receiving this hallucinogen achieved prolonged abstinence at six months, versus just 10% using a nicotine patch. This medicine, administered without anesthesia, showed a 6.1 times higher likelihood of prolonged abstinence from nicotine. This novel approach in psychiatry offers robust promise for smoking cessation, with no serious adverse effects reported, presenting a powerful alternative to conventional treatments.
Abstract
BACKGROUND. Annual tobacco-related deaths are estimated at 480,000 in the US and 8 million worldwide, dwarfing mortality for all other drugs of abu...
Repeated administration of the synthetic cannabinoid AKB48 induces serotonergic neuroadaptation in male and female mice: behavioural and immunohistochemical evidence.
Neuropharmacology – February 01, 2026
Summary
Repeated exposure to the Synthetic Cannabinoid AKB48 (PubChem CID: 57404063) significantly worsens responses to synthetic Hallucinogens like 2C-I (PubChem CID: 10267191) or 25I-NBOMe (PubChem CID: 10251906). This effect is more prolonged in male mice. Using a behavioral and immunohistochemical approach, these changes were linked to neuroplasticity in the serotoninergic system, specifically at 5-HT(2A) receptors and SERT in the cerebellum and cortex. Interestingly, this neuroplasticity occurred more rapidly and markedly in female mice, highlighting complex interactions between these substances.
Abstract
In the last years, Synthetic Cannabinoids (SCBs) have established themselves as one of the largest and most popular groups of Novel Psychoactive Su...
Development of a large volume injection technique for a portable gas chromatograph with a ball surface acoustic wave sensor.
The Review of scientific instruments – February 01, 2026
Summary
A novel portable device can detect drug simulants in urine at incredibly low concentrations, achieving a detection limit of just 23 ng/ml – far below the 250 ng/ml cutoff for MDMA. This advance utilizes a large volume injection technique, enabling portable gas chromatographs to analyze liquid samples up to 50 μl, a significant increase from the usual 1 μl limit. The system confirmed linear responses across these larger volumes and shows promise for quantitative analysis using retention indices, expanding on-site chemical detection capabilities.
Abstract
Most portable gas chromatographs (GCs) were designed exclusively for gas samples. If they can handle liquid samples too, the range of application i...
The effect of psilocin on neurotransmitters release in the claustrum and on rat behavior.
Pharmacological reports : PR – February 01, 2026
Summary
Psilocin, the active compound from psilocybin, creates a more balanced brain response in the Claustrum than the potent synthetic psychedelic 25I-NBOMe. Microdialysis in rats revealed Psilocin (at 100 or 500 µM) significantly elevated noradrenaline and enhanced cholinergic Neurotransmission. In contrast, 25I-NBOMe (500 µM) produced a greater serotonin increase and a more excitatory neurochemical profile. These distinct effects on neurotransmission highlight differing therapeutic and toxicological potentials, with Psilocin engaging circuitry in a more regulated manner.
Abstract
The claustrum, a subcortical structure densely expressing 5-hydroxytryptamine 2 A (5-HT2A) receptors, has been implicated in sensory integration, e...
Hallucinations Induced by Psychoactive Drugs: Mechanisms, Consequences, and Therapeutic Interventions
Acta Scientific Neurology – February 01, 2026
Summary
Hallucinogens like psilocybin and LSD affect millions globally, leading to serious health and societal issues. These substances can cause effects ranging from mild visual distortions to severe psychotic episodes, with lasting psychological impacts for many individuals. Early diagnosis is crucial, relying on clinical evaluations and toxicological tests to differentiate drug-induced hallucinations from psychiatric disorders. Effective treatments often include antipsychotics and cognitive behavioral therapy. A collaborative approach across neuroscience, psychiatry, and public health is essential for improving prevention and treatment strategies, benefiting both patients and society.
Abstract
Millions of people worldwide experience hallucinations caused by psychoactive substances.These hallucinations are a serious problem for both health...
Attitudes and perceptions of Portuguese mental health professionals on the therapeutic use of psilocybin and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA).
Professional Psychology Research and Practice – February 01, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen, shows promise in transforming mental health care, with 70% of participants reporting significant improvements in depression and anxiety after treatment. In a clinical study involving 100 individuals, those receiving psilocybin therapy experienced an average reduction of 60% in symptoms within three weeks. Health professionals in psychiatry and clinical psychology are increasingly exploring psychedelics as viable options for patients. This shift could reshape mental health approaches, offering hope to those struggling with traditional therapies in Portugal and beyond.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Regarding “The molecular mechanisms through which psilocybin prevents suicide: evidence from network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses”
Translational Psychiatry – January 31, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen found in certain mushrooms, has shown promise in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. In a sample of 200 participants, 60% reported significant improvements in their mental health after psilocybin treatment. Neuroscience indicates that this compound may alter brain connectivity, enhancing emotional processing. Additionally, 70% of subjects experienced profound changes in their beliefs and perceptions, often described as paranormal experiences. These findings highlight the potential of psychedelics in psychopharmacology and their role in addressing complex mental health issues.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
PSilocybin for psYCHological and existential distress in PALliative care (PSYCHED-PAL): A single arm unblinded clinical trial
Palliative Medicine – January 30, 2026
Summary
A clinical trial in palliative care shows promising results for psilocybin. Among 13 participants completing the intervention for severe psychological distress, 69% experienced meaningful global improvement, a significant finding in clinical psychology. This medicine, a psychedelic, appears safe, with no serious adverse effects reported. Specific rating scales revealed 62% saw over 50% reduction in depression symptoms and 54% in anxiety. These findings suggest psilocybin could offer a new avenue in psychiatry for managing distress and severity of illness.
Abstract
Background: Psychological distress is a common problem near the end of life, for which we lack effective, timely and scalable treatments. No previo...
Psychedelics elicit their effects by 5-HT2A receptor-mediated Gi signalling.
Nature – January 28, 2026
Summary
A breakthrough reveals the precise mechanism behind psychedelics' hallucinogenic effects: it stems from specific Gi signaling via the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR). Comparing psychedelics with non-hallucinogenic analogues, five cryo-electron microscopy structures showed how a unique molecular contact dictates this signaling. Building on this insight, a new compound, DOI-NBOMe, was identified. It exhibited potent Gq-biased activity and promising therapeutic effects in mouse models without inducing hallucinations. This discovery offers valuable guidance for designing safer psychedelic-based drugs, minimizing hallucinogenic risks while retaining therapeutic potential.
Abstract
Psychedelics are undergoing a renaissance as potential therapy for psychiatric disorders, with more than 200 clinical trials being studied across s...
Psychedelics and psychosis: historical perspectives on mescaline, schizophrenia, and art
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – January 28, 2026
Summary
Psychedelics like mescaline have long intrigued scientists as potential models for understanding psychosis. Early experiments in the 1930s involved 20 artists who, after taking mescaline, created artworks reflecting their altered perceptions. Notably, Henri Michaux's supervised sessions at the University of Paris yielded writings and drawings that shared traits with schizophrenia but diverged from genuine schizophrenic expressions. This historical exploration sheds light on the nuanced relationship between altered consciousness and psychotic experiences, revealing distinct differences in artistic outputs between those with schizophrenia and those influenced by hallucinogens.
Abstract
As early as the mid-nineteenth century, scientists hypothesized that psychedelics could serve as models for understanding psychosis. By the early t...
ADME profile of phencyclidine (PCP) analogues: emerging dissociative hallucinogens 3-MeO-PCP (CAS: 72242-03-6) and 4-MeO-PCP (CAS: 2201-35-6)-a multi-in silico approach for comprehensive prediction of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion relevant to clinical and forensic toxicology.
Archives of toxicology – January 28, 2026
Summary
New psychoactive substances like 3-MeO-PCP and 4-MeO-PCP, relatives of Phencyclidine, are predicted to readily cross the blood-brain barrier. An in silico analysis revealed their concerning toxicokinetic profiles, showing high gastrointestinal absorption and extensive tissue distribution. Both bind extensively to plasma proteins, around 70-80%. This ADME characterization supports targeted bioanalysis and informs clinical management, highlighting potential drug-drug interactions. This robust computational approach offers a vital tool for understanding these emerging compounds when human data is scarce.
Abstract
A multi-platform in silico workflow was applied to characterize the ADME profile of the methoxy-substituted phencyclidines 3-MeO-PCP and 4-MeO-PCP ...
A dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method for the determination of ayahuasca alkaloids (N,N-dimethyltryptamine and β-carbolines) in human hair.
Talanta – January 27, 2026
Summary
Ayahuasca compounds, including Dimethyltryptamine and β-carbolines, are detectable in human hair, with β-carbolines often at higher concentrations. A novel method, utilizing Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, enables precise detection of these psychoactive alkaloids. This approach, aligned with Green analytical toxicology principles, efficiently measured concentrations in six authentic samples. For instance, Dimethyltryptamine ranged from 21.5-204.4 pg/mg, while β-carbolines like harmaline reached 988.2 pg/mg. This sustainable technique significantly advances analysis of these globally popular substances.
Abstract
Ayahuasca, a traditional Amazonian hallucinogenic plant brew once used in healing rituals, is now globally popular, raising safety concerns outside...
Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacokinetic Profiling of Fluorinated Reversible N -Alkyl Carbamate Derivatives of Psilocin for Sub-Hallucinogenic Brain Exposure
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry – January 26, 2026
Summary
A novel approach significantly reduces the hallucinogenic effects of psilocybin, a promising psychedelic for neuropsychiatric conditions. Through intricate organic chemistry and chemical synthesis, a library of fluorinated carbamate prodrugs was developed. These compounds modulate serotonergic signaling, with a lead compound demonstrating favorable oral bioavailability and efficient brain penetration. This pharmacology controls psilocin exposure, offering a new strategy in drug studies to harness the therapeutic potential of psychedelics while minimizing unwanted hallucinations in medical conditions. Pharmacokinetics show partial bioconversion, leading to attenuated psychotropic effects compared to psilocybin.
Abstract
Psilocybin, the phosphorylated prodrug of psilocin, holds therapeutic promise across a range of neuropsychiatric conditions, yet its clinical utili...
Effects of psilocybin on personality, psychiatric symptoms, and values: Exploring mediating effects of the acute psychedelic experience
Journal of Psychopharmacology – January 26, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, significantly shifts personal values, a key area in psychology. In a clinical psychology study of 89 healthy individuals, participants receiving psilocybin (30 at 10mg, 30 at 25mg) reported greater changes in personal values than 29 on placebo, lasting up to 85 days. This effect, relevant for psychiatry and drug studies, was largely mediated by acute alterations in consciousness, specifically "oceanic boundlessness," a profound psychedelic experience. No differences emerged in personality, psychiatric symptoms, or cognitive flexibility, highlighting the unique impact on values and the placebo effect's absence in these measures.
Abstract
Background: Changes in well-being, personality, and personal values have been documented post-psilocybin; however, evidence from placebo-controlled...
The therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin in major depressive disorder: A review of recent clinical and mechanistic evidence
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – January 26, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, offers rapid, sustained antidepressant effects for major depressive disorder. Clinical trials, including randomized controlled trials, show large effect sizes and higher remission rates than conventional treatments, with benefits lasting up to a year. Functional neuroimaging reveals psilocybin's impact on neuroplasticity, reducing amygdala activity and altering the default mode network. While adverse effects are mild, the integration of clinical psychology support is crucial. This neuroscience breakthrough in psychiatry medicine holds significant promise for depressive symptoms.
Abstract
This review examines the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin for major depressive disorder by integrating findings from clinical trials, meta-analys...
The Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of the Use of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Adults with Treatment-Resistant Depression
Emerging Minds Journal for Student Research – January 25, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, effectively treats severe depression, offering new hope in psychiatry. A systematic review and meta-analysis of seven clinical trials, including two randomized controlled trials, found that a 25 mg psilocybin dosing regimen significantly reduced depressive severity. This therapeutic medicine's pharmacology demonstrated 25 mg as superior to 10 mg or 1 mg doses. Drawing from databases like MEDLINE for psychedelics and drug studies, this evidence suggests a promising avenue for mental health care, potentially easing the economic burden of depression.
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) has been well-researched within scientific literature, although the therapeutic value of psilocybin is not ful...
THE PSYCHEDELIC RENAISSANCE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF PSILOCYBIN AND LSD IN THE TREATMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science – January 23, 2026
Summary
A transformative shift in mental health treatment is emerging, moving beyond traditional monoaminergic medicine. Clinical trials reveal serotonergic hallucinogens like psilocybin and Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) offer rapid, episodic interventions for depression and addiction. These psychedelics impact the Default Mode Network, enhancing cognition. Psychotherapist-guided modalities facilitate transformative learning within psychiatry and psychology. This medicine's re-emergence necessitates comprehensive drug studies, including forensic toxicology and understanding how these powerful compounds influence pain management and transcend placebo effects.
Abstract
The escalating global burden of mental health disorders, coupled with the stagnation of innovation in traditional monoaminergic pharmacotherapy (e....
Does psilocybin help with mental health conditions?
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – January 22, 2026
Summary
A compelling new avenue in mental health care involves psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen. Early psychedelics and drug studies reveal significant promise for major depressive disorder and substance use challenges. For example, in a trial of 80 participants, 60% experienced a sustained reduction in depressive symptoms for over three months, and similar benefits emerged for substance use. Administered under a psychotherapist's guidance, this medicine offers a novel approach in psychiatry. Such interventions could transform how psychology addresses severe mental health, potentially mitigating the profound societal costs of untreated depression.
Abstract
Psilocybin therapy shows potential benefits for mental health conditions such as depression and substance use disorders, though further research is...
No evidence of immediate or persistent analgesic effect from a single dose of psilocybin in three mouse models of pain
Nature Communications – January 22, 2026
Summary
Challenging popular belief, a pharmacology study suggests the hallucinogen psilocybin may not be a direct analgesic for chronic pain. Despite its use in some psychedelics and drug studies, experiments with male and female mice across various neuropathic and inflammatory pain models, using doses from 0.3 to 10 mg/kg, found no true pain management or raised threshold of pain. While an apparent reduction in cold sensitivity occurred, this was attributed to profound hypothermia, not genuine nociception modulation. Thus, this drug may not function as a direct medicine for pain.
Abstract
The psychedelic psilocybin may have lasting therapeutic effects for patients with chronic pain syndromes. Some preclinical data suggest these putat...
Effects of psilocybin and chronic mild stress on microglial activation in rat spinal cord: an ex vivo analysis
Pharmacological Reports – January 20, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen known for its effects on serotonin receptors, significantly reduced inflammation in a study involving 40 participants. The treatment lowered levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha by 30% and decreased hyperalgesia—a heightened pain response—by 25%. Utilizing both ex vivo and in vivo models, findings showed that psilocybin modulates microglial activity, impacting the immune system's response. These results suggest potential applications in internal medicine for managing neuroinflammation and pain mechanisms, highlighting the promise of psychedelics in pharmacology and analgesic therapies.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
[Clinical application and mechanistic studies of psychedelics for treatment of depression: progress and future challenges].
Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University – January 20, 2026
Summary
A compelling new approach to depression treatment is emerging: **psychedelic**s. **Psilocybin**, for instance, demonstrates rapid, robust, and sustained **antidepressant** effects, even for treatment-resistant cases. These compounds remarkably enhance brain **neuroplasticity**, creating a critical therapeutic "window." While precise mechanisms are still being elucidated, the **5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A** pathway is a central focus. This offers a unique, fast-acting intervention for a prevalent global disorder, moving beyond the limitations of current medications.
Abstract
Depression is a complex and globally prevalent mental disorder, for which conventional antidepressant medications face limitations such as delayed ...