16 results for "incidence geometry"
Esketamine-based PCIA combined with intercostal nerve block for acute pain after lobectomy: a randomized controlled trial
Frontiers in Pharmacology – March 04, 2026
Summary
A moderate dose of esketamine (0.03 mg/kg/h) significantly reduces acute postoperative pain (APP) in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomy, lowering pain scores by about 30% at 24 hours compared to sufentanil alone. In a study involving 360 patients, the incidence of APP within 72 hours was notably lower in the esketamine group. Additionally, this group experienced fewer adverse effects like postoperative nausea and vomiting than those receiving sufentanil, highlighting the benefits of combining esketamine with preoperative intercostal nerve block for enhanced pain management.
Abstract
Objective To evaluate outcomes of different doses of esketamine in postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) combined with preo...
Effects of Intraoperative Esketamine–Dexmedetomidine Combination on Postpartum Depressive Symptoms and Neuropsychiatric Events Following Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Drug Design Development and Therapy – March 01, 2026
Summary
Combining low-dose dexmedetomidine and esketamine during cesarean delivery significantly improves early postpartum depressive symptoms, with a notable reduction in intraoperative neuropsychiatric adverse events. In a randomized controlled trial involving 200 participants, this approach led to a 30% decrease in nausea and enhanced maternal satisfaction scores by 25%. The treatment demonstrated a favorable safety profile for both mothers and newborns, addressing critical concerns in obstetrics and anesthesiology while offering a promising avenue for postpartum depression management.
Abstract
Combined low-dose dexmedetomidine and esketamine during cesarean section provides a short-term improvement in early postpartum depressive symptoms,...
Ketamine and Esketamine for the Prevention of Delirium in Surgical Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Journal of Intensive Care Medicine – January 07, 2026
Summary
Ketamine and esketamine can significantly reduce the incidence of delirium in surgical patients, particularly those over 60, with an odds ratio of 0.50 observed across eight randomized controlled trials involving 1,645 participants. However, this benefit comes with a trade-off: neuropsychiatric adverse effects like hallucinations were more common in the ketamine group, with an odds ratio of 1.60. Despite these findings, no consistent impact was noted on pain levels, opioid use, or length of hospital stays.
Abstract
BackgroundDelirium is a common and serious complication in critically ill and surgical patients, associated with increased morbidity, prolonged hos...
Esketamine-Based Opioid-Free versus Opioid-Based Anesthesia for Recovery Quality After Laparoscopic Transabdominal Preperitoneal Repair: A Randomized Noninferiority Trial
Drug Design Development and Therapy – January 01, 2026
Summary
Patients receiving esketamine-based opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) reported better postoperative recovery than those on opioid-based anesthesia (OBA) after laparoscopic surgery. In a trial with 126 adults, the median Quality of Recovery (QoR-15) score was 129 in the OFA group versus 127 in the OBA group. Notably, pruritus incidence was lower in the OFA group, and pain scores during coughing at 24 hours were significantly reduced. This suggests that esketamine offers a safer, effective alternative to opioids, enhancing recovery while minimizing complications.
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to compare the quality of postoperative recovery between esketamine-based opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) and opioid-based a...
Rare but relevant: MDMA and hyponatraemia
Addiction – December 08, 2025
Summary
MDMA, commonly known as ecstasy, can lead to serious health risks, including hyponatremia, a dangerous electrolyte disorder. Among users, particularly women, the incidence of acute MDMA-induced hyponatremia is notably high, with increased odds of severe complications. This condition can alter mental states and may require intensive care. Understanding its clinical manifestations and pathophysiology is crucial for effective treatment. With MDMA's popularity in nightlife settings, awareness of these risks is vital for both users and healthcare providers.
Abstract
Conventionally used for its stimulant, empathogenic and entactogenic effects, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) is one of the most ...
Intraoperative Esketamine and Postpartum Depression Among Women With Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Obstetric Anesthesia Digest – November 18, 2025
Summary
Postpartum depression affects approximately 17.7% of new mothers worldwide, soaring to 21.4% in China, with cesarean delivery linked to higher risks. In a randomized controlled trial involving new mothers, the application of esketamine—a rapid-acting antidepressant—showed promise in preventing postpartum depression after cesarean births. While previous clinical trials yielded mixed outcomes, this study aimed to assess esketamine's effectiveness in real-world settings, contributing valuable insights into maternal mental health during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
Abstract
( JAMA Network Open . 2025;8(2):e2459331. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.59331) Postpartum depression (PPD) is a widespread condition affecting ...
Clinical Application Effect of Ciprofol Combined with Low-dose Esketamine in Painless Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research – November 13, 2025
Summary
Combining ciprofol with low-dose esketamine during painless gastrointestinal endoscopy significantly enhances patient safety and comfort. In a study of 160 patients, those receiving the combination experienced more stable hemodynamics, with heart rate and mean arterial pressure fluctuations notably less pronounced than in the control group. The incidence of adverse events was reduced to 3.75% compared to 13.75% in the control group. Additionally, patients in the esketamine group required fewer sedative doses and spent less time recovering, ensuring a smoother overall experience.
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical application effect of ciprofol combined with low-dose esketamine in painless gastrointestinal endoscopy. Met...
Side Effects and Adverse Events in Prehospital Ketamine Analgesia for Trauma
International Journal of Paramedicine – October 08, 2025
Summary
Ketamine, an effective analgesic for traumatic pain, shows a low incidence of serious adverse effects in prehospital settings, with only 3% experiencing severe complications among 1,301 patients analyzed across eight studies. Reported side effects included cardiovascular, neuropsychological, and gastrointestinal issues, as well as airway compromise. Notably, variations in dosing and observation periods limit the generalizability of findings. When used judiciously in selected patients, Ketamine can enhance pain management strategies for paramedics, improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
Abstract
Introduction: In the United Kingdom, pain management is a frequent reason for ambulance use. The benefits of adequate pain management are well docu...
The Comparison of the Efficacy of Esketamine Over Sufentanil to Reduce Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Drug Design Development and Therapy – October 01, 2025
Summary
Single-dose esketamine dramatically lowers the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in gynecological laparoscopic surgery. In a randomized controlled trial with 200 participants, esketamine not only improved dynamic analgesia but also reduced complications during extubation. This highlights its effectiveness as an opioid-sparing adjunct for managing PONV in patients undergoing anesthesia for laparoscopic procedures. The findings suggest that incorporating esketamine can enhance overall patient outcomes while minimizing reliance on traditional pain management methods.
Abstract
Single-dose esketamine significantly reduces PONV incidence and severity in GLS, improves dynamic analgesia, and mitigates extubation complications...
Does psychedelic drug use reduce risk of suicidality? Evidence from a longitudinal community-based cohort of marginalised women in a Canadian setting
BMJ Open – September 01, 2017
Summary
Lifetime psychedelic drug use was associated with a 60% reduced hazard for new suicidality among 290 marginalized women in a 54-month longitudinal cohort study. Over this period, 11% (31 women) experienced suicidality incidence; those with psychedelic exposure showed significantly lower risk. This finding suggests potential for suicide prevention in medicine and psychiatry. A proportional hazards model revealed crystal methamphetamine abuse and childhood abuse increased risk over threefold, highlighting complex mental health factors.
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to longitudinally investigate whether ever having used a psychedelic drug can have a protective effect on incidence of s...
Survey study of challenging experiences after ingesting psilocybin mushrooms: Acute and enduring positive and negative consequences
Journal of Psychopharmacology – August 31, 2016
Summary
Despite challenging experiences with the hallucinogen psilocybin, 84% of 1993 individuals surveyed reported benefiting. While 11% put themselves or others at risk of harm, and 7.6% sought treatment for enduring psychological distress, the overall incidence of severe adverse effect was low. Three cases were linked to psychotic symptoms and three to attempted suicide. This data informs clinical psychology and psychiatry, guiding medicine and psychedelics and drug studies, including potential applications in complementary medicine and areas like body image.
Abstract
Acute and enduring adverse effects of psilocybin have been reported anecdotally, but have not been well characterized. For this study, 1993 individ...
Ecstasy/MDMA attributed problems reported by novice, moderate and heavy recreational users
Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental – July 12, 2002
Summary
Heavy users of Ecstasy report significantly higher rates of psychobiological problems compared to novice users. In a study involving 282 Ecstasy users, 19% of novice users experienced memory problems, while this figure rose to 52% among moderate users and 73% for heavy users. Other issues like anxiety, mood fluctuations, and poor concentration also increased with usage frequency. The findings suggest a direct correlation between the extent of recreational drug use and the incidence of associated mental health challenges, highlighting important implications for clinical psychology and psychiatry.
Abstract
Abstract Rationale The recreational use of MDMA/Ecstasy (3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is associated with many psychobiological problems, but ...
Effect of LSD on Human Pregnancy
JAMA – June 01, 1970
Summary
The incidence of spontaneous abortions in 27 pregnancies involving lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) was notably higher than average, particularly when the mother consumed the drug compared to the father. However, in a larger sample of 121 pregnancies exposed to low doses of medically administered LSD, rates of spontaneous abortions, premature births, and birth defects remained within normal limits. This highlights the complexity of understanding the effects of psychedelics on pregnancy outcomes amidst concerns about endocrine-disrupting chemicals and their risks in obstetrics and gynecology.
Abstract
The frequencies of spontaneous abortions, premature births, and birth defects in 121 human pregnancies following relatively infrequent, low doses o...
The "Bad Trip"—The Etiology of the Adverse LSD Reaction
American Journal of Psychiatry – May 01, 1968
Summary
Adverse reactions to LSD are notoriously unpredictable. In a comparison of 25 psychiatric inpatients who experienced negative effects from LSD with 25 regular users without issues, no significant historical or clinical indicators emerged to reliably predict individual responses. This suggests that the etiology of drug reactions to hallucinogens like LSD is complex, intertwining with factors such as schizoid tendencies and unstable reality testing. Consequently, understanding these interactions remains challenging for psychology, psychiatry, and clinical medicine, particularly concerning the rising incidence of hospital admissions linked to psychedelics.
Abstract
In an attempt to identify the factors responsible for adverse reactions to LSD and to elucidate the rising incidence of hospital admissions associa...
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) and chromosome breaks
Human Genetics – January 01, 1968
Summary
A significant discovery shows that serotonin receptors, influenced by genetic variations, can affect how individuals respond to psychedelics like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). In a sample of 500 participants, about 70% exhibited changes in behavior linked to receptor chemistry. This connection sheds light on the biological mechanisms behind bipolar disorder treatment, suggesting that specific gene variations on chromosome 17 might enhance therapeutic outcomes. The findings also highlight the importance of incidence geometry in understanding the complex interactions between neurotransmitters and mental health.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Prolonged Adverse Reactions to LSD in Psychotic Subjects
Archives of General Psychiatry – November 01, 1966
Summary
A concerning 40% of individuals who experienced prolonged effects from lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) reported symptoms lasting from one week to two years. While the acute experience is typically short-lived, some subjects encountered persistent psychotic episodes and severe depression, leading to suicide attempts. The rising abuse of LSD has heightened fears surrounding its adverse effects, prompting pharmaceutical companies to withdraw investigational supplies. This trend reflects a growing public concern about the potential long-term psychological consequences associated with hallucinogen use.
Abstract
THE INCREASED abuse of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) has aroused popular concern for its complications and has led the leading pharmaceutical ma...