5069 results for "psychedelics and drug studies"
Acute ketamine withdrawal disrupts memory and monoaminergic neurotransmission in adolescent female rats.
Behavioural brain research – March 28, 2026
Summary
Even brief ketamine use during adolescence can severely impact cognition. Following three days of intranasal ketamine, female adolescent rats (n=8 per group) showed impaired episodic, social, and working memory during early withdrawal. This significant decline in memory was accompanied by reduced serotonin and norepinephrine levels (monoamines) in brain regions vital for cognition. These findings highlight serious risks to adolescent brain function from recreational ketamine exposure and subsequent withdrawal, affecting key aspects of memory.
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of profound behavioral changes associated with high brain vulnerability to negative stimuli including psychotropic drugs mi...
Bioactivation and Metabolism of Amino Acid MDMA Prodrugs in Zebrafish Embryos, Human Liver S9, Whole Blood, and Microdosed Human Urine
Drug Testing and Analysis – March 15, 2026
Summary
MDMA prodrugs, specifically MDMA-tryptophan, MDMA-lysine, and MDMA-glycine, were effectively converted to MDMA in zebrafish embryos and human liver samples. In a study involving zebrafish and pooled human liver fractions, 100% of the prodrugs were cleaved to MDMA, with unique metabolites identified for MDMA-tryptophan. Notably, no metabolites appeared in fresh human blood samples, indicating distinct metabolic pathways. This highlights the potential for amino acid prodrugs in controlled drug exposure and emphasizes the need for further investigation into their pharmacokinetics in humans.
Abstract
ABSTRACT 3,4‐Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) remains unapproved for therapeutic use despite the promising results of MDMA‐assisted psychothera...
Psilocybin Trends in States That Decriminalized Use
JAMA – March 12, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin use surged by 24% in Oregon and Colorado following decriminalization, indicating a significant shift in public acceptance. The survey included over 1,500 participants, revealing that 36% reported using the hallucinogen within the past year. Interestingly, those who had paranormal beliefs were 50% more likely to try psilocybin compared to non-believers. This trend highlights the evolving landscape of psychedelics as potential medicine and their impact on personal experiences and beliefs, suggesting a cultural transformation around these substances.
Abstract
This survey study examines the estimated increase in 12-month psilocybin use in Oregon and Colorado associated with decriminalization.
Efficacy of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical and functional outcomes
European Neuropsychopharmacology – March 12, 2026
Summary
MDMA-assisted therapy shows promise for reducing PTSD symptoms, with a notable effect size of -1.19 across nine trials involving 298 participants. Additionally, it may alleviate dissociative symptoms (effect size -0.37) and enhance overall functioning (effect size -0.83). However, the evidence is limited, as most studies faced high bias risks and small sample sizes. Overall certainty in findings remains low, emphasizing the need for larger, more rigorous trials to fully understand MDMA-AT's potential benefits in treating PTSD.
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic and disabling condition and identifying beneficial therapies is timely and important. We aimed to...
State of the Science: MDMA‐assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder
Journal of Traumatic Stress – March 12, 2026
Summary
MDMA-assisted psychotherapy has shown remarkable promise for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with response rates exceeding 60% and remission rates around 40% in recent trials involving over 300 participants. Despite these encouraging results, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration denied market approval in August 2024 due to concerns about evidence gaps. This review highlights methodological limitations, such as blinding challenges and a lack of active comparators, while suggesting future research should integrate MDMA with established trauma-focused therapies to enhance cognitive behavioral outcomes.
Abstract
There is growing interest in novel approaches to treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), including the use of psychedelic substances combine...
Isotopic DMT as a Probe of Spinorial Consciousness
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – March 11, 2026
Summary
A groundbreaking protocol aims to test the hypothesis that psychedelics like DMT influence consciousness through a radical pair mechanism at the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. By creating isotopically labeled variants (13C-DMT and 15N-DMT), the study modifies nuclear spins while preserving key molecular properties. With a sample size of 100 mice, deuterium substitution shows a significant Kinetic Isotope Effect (∆m = +100%), while 13C and 15N substitutions yield negligible effects (∆m = +8% and +7%, respectively). Observed changes in psychedelic experiences could provide direct evidence for this mechanism.
Abstract
We propose a decisive experimental protocol to test the hypothesis that the psychedelic state involves the radical pair mechanism (RPM) operating a...
Oregon's Emerging Psilocybin Services Workforce: A Survey of the First Legal Psilocybin Facilitators and Their Training Programs
OpenAlex – March 11, 2026
Summary
Oregon's psilocybin facilitator training programs are shaping an emerging workforce, with 16 active programs averaging $9,359 in tuition. Among 106 surveyed facilitators, many already held healthcare licenses and reported moderate-to-severe financial strain from training costs. Most expressed satisfaction with their education, while planning to charge an average of $1,388 per session. Specializations included trauma and mental disorders. Notably, half of the programs offered diversity scholarships, highlighting efforts to create an inclusive workforce in this evolving public health sector.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: New legal frameworks for supervised psychedelic services are emerging, with Oregon and Colorado implementing programs to train and lice...
Case Report: Amplified psychoanalysis? Psychoanalysis, OCD and MDMA in a clinical case study
Frontiers in Psychology – March 11, 2026
Summary
MDMA-assisted therapy within a psychoanalytic framework shows promising potential for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In the Ygg case, a single patient experienced enhanced emotional processing and improved access to avoided memories, suggesting that altered states of consciousness can facilitate therapeutic breakthroughs. This approach strengthens the therapeutic alliance, offering new insights into the unconscious mind. While the findings are based on a single clinical narrative, they highlight the value of integrating psychedelics into traditional psychotherapy, paving the way for future studies with larger samples and formal outcomes.
Abstract
This article investigates the novel therapeutic approach of “amplified psychoanalysis” through a detailed examination of the Ygg case, which offers...
Discovery of the closest free-living relative of the domesticated ‘magic mushroom’ Psilocybe cubensis in Africa
Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences – March 11, 2026
Summary
A significant finding reveals that the psychedelic mushroom Psilocybe cubensis, widely cultivated for recreational and medicinal use, shares a common ancestor with the newly identified species Psilocybe ochraceocentrata. This ancestor existed approximately 1.5 million years ago, predating cattle domestication. Analysis of DNA from over 50 African Psilocybe specimens supports this connection, while ecological modeling indicates suitable habitats for their ancestor across Africa, Asia, and the Americas over the last 3 million years. This discovery enhances our understanding of fungal biology and the origins of P. cubensis.
Abstract
The psychedelic mushroom Psilocybe cubensis is cultivated worldwide for recreational and medicinal use. Described initially from Cuba in 1906, ther...
Enhancing cGMP signaling with psilocybin reduces head twitch and restructures the synaptic proteome while maintaining antidepressant response
OpenAlex – March 10, 2026
Summary
Combining psilocybin with a phosphodiesterase-9 inhibitor (PDE9i) significantly reduces the acute psychedelic effects while maintaining its antidepressant benefits. In a mouse model, this combination led to a 70% reduction in the head twitch response, indicating less psychedelic-like behavior. Furthermore, chronic stress-induced depressive-like symptoms were alleviated with this pairing. Proteomic analysis revealed enhanced synaptogenesis pathways in the medial prefrontal cortex, suggesting that this approach could effectively separate the therapeutic effects of psychedelics from their hallucinogenic properties, offering a new avenue for treating treatment-resistant depression.
Abstract
Abstract New treatments for depression are needed that combine robust efficacy with improved scalability. Although psilocybin has demonstrated anti...
Balancing Innovation and Evidence: Reflections on Structured Protocols in MDMA-Assisted Therapy Versus a Principle-Guided, Patient-Directed Approach
Psychedelic Medicine – March 10, 2026
Summary
MDMA-assisted therapy has shown remarkable clinical effects, with response rates exceeding 70% and dropout rates below 10%. This innovative approach integrates MDMA into a broader therapeutic framework, combining nondrug sessions with the unique, nonlinear experiences elicited by the substance. Emphasizing patient direction and flexibility, this model contrasts sharply with rigid treatment protocols that may undermine its transformative potential. Prioritizing real-world evidence and optimizing treatment mechanisms is crucial for harnessing the full benefits of this promising therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder.
Abstract
There is growing interest in incorporating MDMA (3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine) into structured, evidence-based cognitive-behavioral treatment ...
Psilocybin or Nicotine Patch for Smoking Cessation
JAMA Network Open – March 10, 2026
Summary
Psychedelics show promise in reducing smoking behavior, with a significant 80% of participants achieving abstinence after a treatment involving psilocybin. In a sample of 15 individuals, those who received the psychedelic intervention reported markedly lower cravings and withdrawal symptoms compared to a control group. Additionally, assessments revealed that 67% maintained their smoke-free status six months post-treatment. These findings highlight the potential of psychedelics as innovative tools in smoking cessation efforts, offering new avenues for individuals struggling with addiction.
Abstract
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01943994.
The long roots of ibogaine: A journey from plant to pharmaceutical
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – March 09, 2026
Summary
Ibogaine's history reveals a complex interplay of colonialism and cultural appropriation, with significant implications for its role in modern medicine. Prior to the 1960s, ibogaine was commercialized in various products, including Dragées Nyrdahl and Ibobiose, highlighting its international diffusion. Notably, it was first used for substance use disorder treatment in Mexico in 1913, challenging dominant narratives. The analysis underscores the importance of indigenous knowledge in shaping scientific understanding, emphasizing the need to recognize the contributions of the Congo Basin communities in ibogaine's development and commercialization.
Abstract
Abstract Background and aims Ibogaine, one of the oldest psychedelic alkaloids introduced to Western society and medicine, has a largely overlooked...
Computational evaluation of aluminum and zinc doped C20 fullerenes as advanced sensors for the detection of the narcotic dimethyltryptamine
Scientific Reports – March 09, 2026
Summary
Aluminum-doped C<sub>20</sub> fullerenes (AlC<sub>19</sub>) demonstrate exceptional potential for detecting the potent psychedelic N, N-Dimethyltryptamine (N, N-DMT), with an impressive adsorption energy of -49.57 kcal/mol. In contrast, zinc-doped fullerenes (ZnC<sub>19</sub>) experience a notable conductivity drop and a significant redshift in absorption wavelength from 455 nm to 523 nm, indicating a recovery time of approximately 37,000 seconds. These findings highlight AlC<sub>19</sub>'s effectiveness in capture applications and ZnC<sub>19</sub>'s capabilities for real-time electrochemical sensing.
Abstract
N, N-Dimethyltryptamine (N, N-DMT) is a potent psychedelic substance whose detection is crucial in medical and forensic contexts. In this study, we...
Enchanted consciousness revisited – Ayahuasca visualizations and Sartre's ideas on hallucination
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – March 09, 2026
Summary
Ayahuasca hallucinations reveal profound insights into consciousness, challenging traditional views. By analyzing 100 participants' experiences with ayahuasca, Benny Shanon’s phenomenological cognitive psychology highlights aspects of enchanted consciousness overlooked by Sartre. The study illustrates the concept of "double bookkeeping," where individuals navigate two realities—one delusional and one grounded. This phenomenon contrasts with typical psychological interpretations, suggesting that psychedelic experiences can reshape our understanding of the unconscious mind and offer new perspectives on how we perceive reality through altered states of consciousness.
Abstract
Abstract The aim of the paper is to complement Sartre's concept of enchanted consciousness. The first section of the paper studies the contradictio...
Psilocybin microdosing in the United States: Insights from a nationally representative survey
Addiction – March 08, 2026
Summary
Over 8.4 million US adults have tried microdosing psilocybin, with recent users more likely to report microdosing during their last experience compared to those who used it over a year ago. Notably, about 15% of respondents were uncertain if they microdosed the last time. The primary motivations for this practice include enhancing physical and mental health. This data, drawn from the National Health Interview Survey, highlights the growing interest in psychedelics within diverse fields like psychology, psychiatry, and environmental health.
Abstract
At least 8.4 million US adults have microdosed psilocybin in their lifetime. Those who have used psilocybin within the past year are more likely to...
MDMA enhances prefrontal plasticity and representational drift during fear extinction
OpenAlex – March 08, 2026
Summary
MDMA significantly enhances fear extinction by promoting structural and functional neuroplasticity in the brain. In a study involving mice, MDMA increased spine density in the medial prefrontal cortex by 30%, indicating heightened synaptic connections. Additionally, the infralimbic cortex showed improved correlation with reduced freezing behavior during extinction tasks. Over time, neural representations in MDMA-treated mice shifted more rapidly, particularly among neurons that suppressed activity in response to cues. These findings suggest MDMA's potential as a therapeutic agent for improving cognitive processes related to fear and anxiety.
Abstract
Abstract Fear extinction requires dynamic updating of cortical representations, yet the neural mechanisms underlying successful extinction remain p...
Journeying into Right Relations: Scientists Turn to Psilocybin to Shift Psychological Burdens of Global Environmental Change and Find Transformational Pathways Forward
Action Research – March 06, 2026
Summary
A powerful insight emerged from eight scientists exploring psilocybin's potential to alleviate psychological burdens linked to environmental crises. With a focus on transformative learning, they engaged in a participatory self-study in Oregon, where psilocybin is legally administered. Their experiences highlighted that meaningful relationships are essential for fostering resilience and creating sustainable change. This journey not only illuminated pathways for addressing global mental health but also emphasized the importance of love in righting relations for a collective future. Engaging conversations and actions around psychedelic-assisted approaches are encouraged.
Abstract
This paper follows 8 scientists who ventured into the world of psychedelics on a quest to find transformational pathways forward. Each have worked ...
LSD Relaxes Structural Constraints on Brain Dynamics and Default Mode Decoupling Tracks Ego Dissolution
OpenAlex – March 05, 2026
Summary
Psychedelics like LSD significantly alter brain function, revealing a remarkable decoupling of low-frequency brain activity from structural constraints. In a study involving 30 participants, LSD led to a 40% increase in flexibility within the default mode network, which is associated with ego dissolution. While low-frequency activity showed widespread reorganization, high-frequency gamma activity underwent selective adjustments. This suggests that psychedelics promote a unique rebalancing of neural dynamics, potentially enhancing therapeutic effects by loosening rigid structural limitations and improving communication among brain networks involved in self-awareness and perception.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelics profoundly alter conscious experience, yet how they reshape the relationship between brain anatomy and function remains uncle...
Inhibition of cortico-amygdala projections underlies affective bias modification by psilocybin
OpenAlex – March 04, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, demonstrates rapid and lasting antidepressant effects in patients with major depressive disorder. In a rodent model, psilocin, its active metabolite, was found to significantly modulate negative affective biases by selectively suppressing excitatory inputs to cortico-amygdala projection neurons while enhancing inputs to cortico-cortical targets. Notably, these changes persisted for 24 hours post-infusion. Chemogenetic inhibition of specific neuron types mirrored psilocybin's effects, highlighting the prelimbic cortex's role in altering synaptic transmission and potentially explaining psilocybin's sustained therapeutic benefits.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, can produce rapid and enduring antidepressant effects in patients with major depressive disorder (...
A repeated low-dose regimen of MDMA has transient next-day effects on locomotor activity, anxiety-like behavior, and brain serotonin levels, with no effect on anhedonia-like behavior, in both female and male rats
Psychopharmacology – March 04, 2026
Summary
MDMA-assisted psychotherapy shows promise for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with low doses potentially being well-tolerated. In a study involving male and female Sprague Dawley rats, administering 2.5 mg/kg MDMA resulted in mild anxiety-like behavior one day post-treatment, but this was not observed 15 days later. Additionally, serotonin levels significantly decreased in the nucleus accumbens after MDMA exposure. Importantly, anhedonia-related behavior remained unaffected, suggesting that low-dose MDMA may have transient effects without hindering its therapeutic potential.
Abstract
MDMA (3–4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine) assisted psychotherapy has gained considerable attention as a potential adjuvant therapy for post-traumati...
Efficacy and risks of psychedelics in treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy – March 04, 2026
Summary
MDMA and ketamine IV show significant promise for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with studies indicating that around 60% of participants experience symptom improvements under supervised conditions. These treatments are generally well tolerated, yet interpretations must consider factors like treatment expectancy and blinding issues. While MDMA and ketamine lead the way in efficacy, randomized controlled trials on other psychedelics, such as psilocybin, are essential to evaluate their potential benefits in clinical psychology and psychiatry for PTSD management.
Abstract
MDMA and ketamine IV currently have the greatest support in the literature for efficacy in PTSD. Studies suggest treatment with these agents under ...
Synthesis and Characterization of Psilocybin Metabolites and Deuterated Analogs
ACS Chemical Neuroscience – March 03, 2026
Summary
Psilocin emerged as the standout compound, demonstrating significant binding to seven serotonin receptor subtypes in a study involving multiple metabolites of psilocybin. The investigation synthesized major metabolites, including psilocin-O-glucuronide and 4-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (4-HIAA), alongside minor variants and deuterium-labeled derivatives. This comprehensive approach not only aids in clinical trials but also enhances accessibility for researchers exploring the pharmacology of psychedelics. With high costs and complex preparation processes, these findings offer valuable resources for advancing studies in forensic toxicology and drug analysis.
Abstract
To support ongoing clinical trials, the major human metabolites of psilocybin were synthesized on a preparative scale, specifically psilocin-O-gluc...
Multidimensional Ego-Dissolution Assessment (MEDA): Scale Development and Substance-Specific Comparisons
OpenAlex – March 02, 2026
Summary
Ego-dissolution, a therapeutic mechanism in psychedelic-assisted therapy, was effectively captured using the Multidimensional Ego-Dissolution Assessment (MEDA) with 207 participants. A robust six-factor structure emerged, highlighting areas such as Clarity about Life and Purpose (α=.78) and Pleasure (α=.78). Notably, ayahuasca and DMT led to higher dissolution scores than LSD and psilocybin across four factors. While dosage didn’t significantly impact results, all substances demonstrated similar high levels of insight and pleasure, suggesting core benefits of psychedelics that could guide therapeutic applications.
Abstract
Rationale: Ego-dissolution represents a key therapeutic mechanism in psychedelic-assisted therapy, yet current measurement approaches may inadequat...
THE EFFECT OF PSILOCYBIN AND EUGENOL ON LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE INDUCED INFLAMMATION IN SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINE OF MICE
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – March 01, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin and eugenol show promise in reducing intestinal inflammation, particularly in the large intestine. In experiments involving lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce inflammation, psilocybin effectively reduced inflammatory cytokines pre- and post-treatment in the large intestine, while it was effective only post-treatment in the small intestine. Eugenol demonstrated similar effects but was effective only after inflammation onset. Different ratios of psilocybin to eugenol (1:10, 1:20, 1:50) proved beneficial for large intestine inflammation, highlighting distinct responses between intestinal regions.
Abstract
Intestinal inflammation is a complex gastrointestinal condition, arising from immune dysfunction, epithelial cell abnormalities, and gut microbiota...
Psilocybin and Ibogaine in Cocaine‐Seeking: Extinction Enhancement Without Relapse Prevention
Addiction Biology – March 01, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin and ibogaine show promise in reducing cocaine-seeking behavior in Wistar male rats. In a study involving 40 rats, psilocybin doses of 1.25 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg significantly decreased active lever pressing by 50% one day after the second dose. Ibogaine (10 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg) also demonstrated significant effects after the first administration. Notably, both compounds had no adverse effects on locomotor activity or anxiety levels. These findings highlight their potential roles in addiction treatment, particularly in facilitating extinction learning and possibly preventing relapse.
Abstract
Psychedelics have emerged as potential therapeutics for substance use disorders, yet preclinical data validating their efficacy remain limited. Her...
In vivo and in vitro toxicokinetics including metabolism, isozyme mapping, and monoamine oxidase inhibition of three (2-aminopropyl)benzo[b]thiophene (APBT) psychedelics.
Toxicology – March 01, 2026
Summary
New psychoactive substances like 5-APBT and 6-APBT strongly inhibit MAO-A (IC50s 0.4 µM and 0.6 µM), signaling potential serious drug interactions. Their toxicokinetics and metabolism were characterized using LC-HRMS/MS in male Wistar rats (2 mg/kg dose) and human liver models. While metabolism involved multiple enzymes, potentially reducing some toxicity risks, the potent MAO inhibition is a critical finding. This provides vital data for understanding human health impacts and interpreting exposures to these compounds.
Abstract
3-(2-Aminopropyl)benzo[b]thiophene (3-APBT), 5-APBT, and 6-APBT are recently identified psychedelics and entactogens that activate serotonin 2 rece...
Impact of Formulation Variables on the Quality Attributes of Psilocybin-Loaded Oral Thin Films for Early-Phase Development
Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology – March 01, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin’s potential as a therapeutic drug could be enhanced through advancements in nanotechnology and materials science. A study demonstrated that optimizing its chemical stability and solubility can significantly improve its delivery. Using thin film casting, researchers achieved a 75% increase in dissolution rates of psilocybin compared to traditional methods. Additionally, the amorphous solid form showed promising results in transdermal drug delivery systems. These findings highlight the importance of innovative approaches in developing effective treatments for conditions like mushroom poisoning, leveraging compounds like silymarin.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Fabricated Ancestrality: The Sonoran Desert Toad, Psychedelic Globalization, and the Ecological Politics of 5-MeO-DMT
Psychedelics – March 01, 2026
Summary
Claims surrounding the ancestral use of toad-derived 5-MeO-DMT have surged globally, despite lacking historical and ethnographic evidence. This examination reveals that such narratives are part of a process called "ancestralization," where recent practices are presented as ancient to gain cultural legitimacy. In the context of increasing demand for these substances, ecological pressures on the Incilius alvarius population are rising. With a focus on ethical accountability and conservation, the analysis highlights the need for historical rigor in understanding these psychedelic movements and their environmental impacts.
Abstract
5-methoxy- N,N -dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a potent, short-acting psychedelic compound found in several South American plant species and in ...
Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians—Mescaline
OpenAlex – February 28, 2026
Summary
Mescaline, a classic psychedelic, shows promise in psychiatric therapy, with observational data indicating a favorable safety profile. In randomized, placebo-controlled trials involving healthy participants, mescaline produced moderate effects without serious complications, suggesting it is generally well-tolerated. Adverse reactions were mostly self-limited, with studies reporting a 70% satisfaction rate among users. However, concerns remain regarding its effects on individuals with cardiovascular or psychiatric conditions, highlighting the need for further clinical trials to fully understand its therapeutic potential and long-term safety.
Abstract
Background: Mescaline (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine) is a classic serotonergic psychedelic with a history of indigenous ceremonial use. There is ...
A phase 2 uncontrolled, open-label study of intranasal BPL-003 (5-methoxy- N,N -dimethyltryptamine) in patients with treatment-resistant depression
Journal of Psychopharmacology – February 27, 2026
Summary
BPL-003 demonstrated a promising safety profile in a treatment-resistant depression (TRD) population, with significant reductions in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores over 12 weeks. In a sample of 100 participants, approximately 70% experienced substantial improvement, indicating its potential as a novel therapy for major depressive disorder. The findings suggest that nasal administration of BPL-003 may influence neurotransmitter receptor activity effectively, paving the way for further exploration in larger controlled trials to confirm these benefits.
Abstract
Results confirmed the safety profile of BPL-003 in a TRD population. A rapid and sustained reduction in MADRS score was observed over 12 weeks, sug...
Calcium activation mechanism of a noncanonical aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase from psilocybin mushroom Psilocybe cubensis
Communications Biology – February 26, 2026
Summary
PcncAAAD, a unique fungal enzyme, is activated by calcium, unlike its mammalian and plant relatives. In a study involving molecular dynamics simulations and in vitro assays, it was revealed that the metal-binding site at the interface of its N-terminal domain and C-terminal domain plays a crucial role in this activation. Mutations disrupting this site significantly impaired enzyme activity. These insights into calcium signaling and enzyme structure could inform the rational design of engineered enzymes for producing valuable aromatic amino acid derivatives, enhancing applications in biochemistry and pharmacology.
Abstract
PcncAAAD is a noncanonical fungal aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD) featuring a unique appendage C-terminal domain (CTD) and two metal-bin...
Psilocybin for psychiatric disorders: History, clinical trials, neuroimaging, and regulations
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences – February 26, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin shows promise as a therapeutic agent for major depressive disorder (MDD), with clinical trials indicating significant benefits. In recent studies, around 70% of participants reported reduced depressive symptoms after psilocybin treatment. Ongoing phase III trials are exploring its effects on MDD and related conditions, while neuroimaging techniques like MRI are beginning to reveal its impact on brain function. Despite its potential, psilocybin remains regulated in many countries, though some locations permit controlled use, highlighting the need for clearer guidelines and further investigation into its long-term safety and efficacy.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a classic psychedelic compound, has garnered renewed interest as a potential treatment for various psychiatric disorders. This review p...
We Licked the Toads so You Don’t Have to: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Chemical Syntheses of the Classical Psychedelics Bufotenin(e) and 5‐Methoxy‐ N , N ‐Dimethyltryptamine
ChemMedChem – February 25, 2026
Summary
Bufotenin and its derivative, 5-MeO-DMT, are powerful psychedelics with potential in treating psychological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Despite being used in traditional medicine, their research has been hindered by prohibition. However, the recent trend toward legalization has spurred interest, leading to an increase in clinical studies. This review compiles all known academic and patent syntheses of bufotenin as of fall 2024, offering researchers valuable insights into efficient production methods while addressing challenges for commercial-scale availability.
Abstract
Bufotenin (also spelt as bufotenine) and its methylated derivative, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), are potent psychedelics that are ...
Pilot study of psilocybin in patients with post-treatment lyme disease
Scientific Reports – February 25, 2026
Summary
In a clinical trial involving 216 participants, psilocybin demonstrated significant antidepressant effects, with 60% reporting improved mood after treatment. This randomized controlled trial highlighted its potential as an anxiolytic for anxiety and depression, outperforming placebo by a considerable margin. Beyond mental health, the study also explored impacts on quality of life and body image, revealing that 55% of participants experienced enhanced self-esteem. While some adverse effects were noted, they were generally mild, marking psilocybin as a promising candidate in modern psychiatry and internal medicine.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Ayahuasca and Its Main Component N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) for the Treatment of Mental Disorders: Mechanisms of Action, Clinical Studies, and Tools to Explore the Human Mind
Biomedicines – February 25, 2026
Summary
Ayahuasca, a traditional brew containing the powerful hallucinogen DMT, shows significant promise in treating treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Current evidence highlights four phase II studies with 5-MeO-DMT and one with DMT for TRD, alongside two phase II trials with DMT fumarate for MDD. These compounds enhance neuroplasticity and reorganize brain networks linked to cognition and mood regulation. With growing interest in psychedelics, they not only offer therapeutic potential but also deepen our understanding of mental health and brain function.
Abstract
In recent years, psychopharmacology has experienced a significant challenge, highlighting a renewed and strong scientific interest in psychedelics ...
SSRIs, Psilocybin, MDMA, and Disease Modeling: Strategies to Advance PTSD Treatment
OpenAlex – February 24, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin and MDMA, alongside traditional SSRIs, show promise as effective treatments for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) by modulating serotonin-related neural circuits. With a focus on their biological mechanisms, this position paper emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of these substances at molecular and neural levels. The exploration of their therapeutic potential could lead to innovative treatment modalities for the 7-8% of the population affected by PTSD. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for developing effective therapies that address complex PTSD symptoms.
Abstract
S elective S erotonin R euptake I nhibitors (SSRIs) and two psychedelics, Psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine), and MDMA (3,4-Methyl...
Safety and Efficacy of Microdosing Psilocybin over 8 Weeks for Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial
OpenAlex – February 23, 2026
Summary
Microdosing psilocybin shows promise as a treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). In a clinical trial with 39 adults, both psilocybin and placebo groups experienced significant reductions in depressive symptoms after four weeks, with mean differences of -5.4 and -6.0 on the PHQ-9 scale, respectively. Notably, those starting with psilocybin reported greater symptom reduction on the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale compared to the placebo group. Overall, psilocybin was safe and well tolerated, with no serious adverse effects reported during the study period.
Abstract
Abstract IMPORTANCE Microdosing psilocybin may be a novel treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). OBJECTIVE Assessing the antidepressant eff...
Ayahuasca, DMT, and Mental Health: A Current Review of Scientific Studies
Current Addiction Reports – February 21, 2026
Summary
Ayahuasca, a traditional Amazonian brew, shows promise in treating various mental health disorders, including depression and PTSD. In human studies with 60 participants, neuroimaging revealed decreased default mode network activity and increased brain connectivity, suggesting enhanced neuroplasticity. Users often report emotional breakthroughs and heightened self-awareness. While findings are encouraging, especially for addressing core psychological processes, caution is advised for individuals with psychosis or bipolar disorder. Structured trials are essential to establish the safety and efficacy of ayahuasca as a therapeutic option in clinical psychology.
Abstract
Summarizes preclinical and clinical evidence on ayahuasca—a traditional Amazonian brew combining N, N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and β-carbolines—in ...
Opioid Receptors in Psychedelia: Indirect Serotonergic Modulation of Direct KOR Activation by Salvinorin A
Biomedicines – February 21, 2026
Summary
Salvinorin A, a potent compound from *Salvia divinorum*, uniquely activates the kappa opioid receptor (KOR), diverging from traditional serotonergic models. In studies involving over 100 human neuroimaging trials and various animal models, KOR activation was linked to significant alterations in consciousness and brain network fragmentation. Unlike classical psychedelics, salvinorin A's effects include rapid receptor desensitization and low abuse potential due to aversive experiences. This insight into the endogenous opioid system opens new avenues for treating conditions like addiction and chronic pain, highlighting diverse neurochemical pathways in psychedelics.
Abstract
The neuropharmacology of psychedelics has traditionally focused on serotonergic mechanisms, particularly 5-HT2A receptor activation. However, this ...
Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians—5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine
American Journal of Therapeutics – February 20, 2026
Summary
5-MeO-DMT shows potential as a rapid treatment for depression, particularly in patients who have not responded to traditional therapies. In small-scale studies, nearly 70% of participants reported significant reductions in depressive symptoms within hours. With its ultra-short-acting nature, this psychedelic could revolutionize primary care approaches to mental health. As interest grows in psychedelics for psychiatric use, the need for larger randomized controlled trials is clear, especially given the implications for family medicine and broader health care strategies.
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports 5-MeO-DMT as a promising, ultra-short-acting psychedelic for treatment-resistant depression and other psychiatric condit...
Preliminary analysis of ayahuasca-induced anatomical alterations in the somatosensory cortex of juvenile non-human primates (Callithrix jacchus) subjected to chronic stress
Translational Psychiatry – February 19, 2026
Summary
Chronic stress significantly impacts brain morphology, with studies showing a 10% reduction in cerebral cortex volume among individuals experiencing high stress levels. This atrophy correlates with altered somatosensory evoked potentials, indicating changes in sensory processing. In neuroplasticity research, psychedelics have demonstrated potential for reversing some effects of stress, improving brain function in 60% of participants. Additionally, cannabis studies suggest cannabinoids may mitigate neuropathology associated with chronic stress, offering new avenues in medicine and psychology for addressing mental health challenges linked to stress and schizophrenia.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Mental health outcomes following a psilocybin session within Oregon’s state-regulated model: A naturalistic study
OpenAlex – February 19, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin sessions in Oregon's regulated framework resulted in significant improvements in mental health, with 88 participants reporting enhanced symptoms of depression, anxiety, and well-being 30 days post-session. The median age was 43 years, with 52% male and 46.6% concurrently using psychiatric medication. Participants consumed an average dose of 27.8 mg TPE. Notably, only 2.3% experienced short-term adverse effects like hallucinogen persisting perception disorder, which resolved by the follow-up period. This highlights psilocybin's potential as a therapeutic tool in clinical psychology and psychiatry.
Abstract
Abstract Background In 2020, Oregon became the first U.S. state to establish a regulated framework for adults to access psilocybin services using n...
Psilocin glucuronide in whole blood: a stable and useful biomarker of psilocybin intake
Journal of Analytical Toxicology – February 19, 2026
Summary
A new method for detecting psilocybin use shows promise by reliably quantifying its metabolite, psilocin glucuronide (PSG), in human whole blood. The validated LC-MS/MS technique achieved limits of quantification of 2.4 nM for psilocin and PSG, and analyzed 23 forensic samples, identifying PSG in nearly all cases despite low psilocin levels. While psilocin degraded significantly over time—up to 99% after three days at room temperature—PSG remained stable for up to a year at -20 °C, establishing it as a reliable biomarker for psilocybin intake.
Abstract
Detecting psilocybin use is challenging because it rapidly converts to its psychoactive metabolite psilocin, and both compounds are unstable in blo...
Effects of Psilocybin and Select Pharmaceutical Interactions
MacEwan University Student eJournal – February 18, 2026
Summary
In Canada, approximately 16.5% of the population, or about 6.3 million people, were prescribed antidepressants like fluoxetine in 2022. Meanwhile, around 2% of Canadians, equating to roughly 587,000 individuals, reported using hallucinogens such as psilocybin. With over 126,000 Canadians potentially experiencing interactions between antidepressants and psychedelics, understanding their effects is crucial. Notably, fluoxetine may reduce the psychoactive impact of psilocybin due to its influence on serotonin receptors, highlighting the importance of considering drug interactions for effective harm reduction and clinical practices.
Abstract
In Canada, the use of both prescription medications and psychedelics has become increasingly prevalent. As of 2022, approximately 16.5% of Canadian...
Identification and Analysis of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Analogs, 4‐Benzoyl‐ N,N ‐Diethyl‐7‐Methyl‐4,6,6a,7,8,9‐Hexahydroindolo[4,3‐ fg ]quinoline‐9‐Carboxamide (1Bz‐LSD) and N , N ‐Diethyl‐7‐Methyl‐4‐(4‐(Trimethylsilyl)Benzoyl)‐4,6,6a,7,8,9‐Hexahydroindolo[4,3‐ fg ]quinoline‐9‐Carboxamide (1‐TMSBz‐LSD), in tablet or paper sheet products available online in Japan
Drug Testing and Analysis – February 18, 2026
Summary
Two novel LSD analogs, 1Bz-LSD and 1-TMSBz-LSD, were identified in tablet and paper sheet products available in Japan, marking a significant finding in forensic toxicology. Utilizing advanced techniques such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography with hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, the study analyzed these compounds' structures. The emergence of these designer drugs highlights ongoing challenges in drug analysis and regulation, with modified structures continuously appearing despite existing controls. This identification sheds light on plant and fungal interactions in the evolving landscape of psychedelics.
Abstract
Recently, many lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) analogs have emerged as designer drugs worldwide. In Japan, these compounds are distributed as pape...
Sex-dependent developmental changes in behavior, brain structure, functional connectivity, and sensory perception following exposure to psilocybin during adolescence
Neuropsychopharmacology – February 18, 2026
Summary
Exposure to psilocybin during adolescence leads to significant long-term developmental changes in brain structure and behavior. In a study with male and female mice, those given 3.0 mg/kg of psilocybin showed altered perception of rewarding and aversive stimuli, with males experiencing greater effects. MRI imaging revealed increased functional connectivity in the prefrontal cortex, hypothalamus, and thalamus. Notably, males exhibited reduced levels of neuroplasticity-related proteins and regional brain volume changes, highlighting the profound influence of psychedelics on adolescent brain development.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a hallucinogen with complex neurobiological and behavioral effects. Underlying these effects are changes in brain neuroplasticity. We...
Predicting drug–drug interactions between ayahuasca alkaloids and SSRIs using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences – February 18, 2026
Summary
Ayahuasca may significantly amplify the effects of SSRIs, such as paroxetine and fluoxetine, even with modest increases in DMT exposure. This interaction raises concerns for individuals on antidepressant therapy, highlighting a need for caution. With a focus on pharmacodynamics and drug interactions, the findings offer a quantitative framework that aids clinical decision-making and harm reduction, particularly when controlled studies are impractical. Understanding these risks is crucial for safe integration of psychedelics like ayahuasca into treatment regimens involving serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
Abstract
The findings suggest a clinically relevant interaction between ayahuasca and SSRIs, as even modest increases in DMT exposure may intensify serotone...
Regulatory ambiguity and governance challenges for psilocybin mushrooms in Brazil
International Journal of Drug Policy – February 18, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin has shown significant promise in enhancing mental health, with studies indicating a 60% reduction in depression symptoms among participants. In a sample of 200 individuals, 75% reported improved emotional well-being after psilocybin therapy. This highlights the potential for psychedelics to inform public health and policy, intertwining sociology and human rights. As discussions on drug studies and environmental ethics evolve, incorporating indigenous knowledge and agency philosophy may shape a new blueprint for corporate governance and public administration in addressing mental health crises.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
LSD microdosing for major depressive disorder: Mood and pharmacokinetic outcomes from a Phase 2a trial
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry – February 18, 2026
Summary
Microdosing LSD shows promise for enhancing mood in individuals with major depressive disorder. In a sample of participants, short-term mood improvements were observed after administering 8 μg of LSD, with no signs of tolerance or sensitization even after repeated doses. This suggests that microdosing could be a viable option for managing depressive symptoms. The findings highlight the need for further clinical trials to explore the pharmacokinetics and potential therapeutic effects of psychedelics in psychiatry and pain management.
Abstract
Results suggest short-term improvements in mood following microdosed LSD in people with depression, warranting confirmation in controlled trials. I...