The paper argues that the term 'plasticity' in neuroscience refers to induced changes in brain function or structure, which differs from the dictionary definition of plasticity as the ability to be shaped or molded. Many biomarkers of neuroplasticity actually index processes that bias phenotypic canalization, the opposite of phenotypic plasticity, creating a paradox. The authors question extrapolating from these biomarkers to improved mental health, as the relationship is context dependent. They propose a new construct, 'mediational and recalibrative plasticity' (MR-P), which aligns with plasticity proper and can describe and predict phenotypic changes relevant to mental health.
Awe, a positive emotion linked to well-being and social behavior, was studied using EEG and autonomic physiology in 23 healthy older adults watching a nature film. Awe was the dominant emotion reported, though joy was also common. During awe events, skin conductance decreased, and EEG alpha and theta power decreased—changes associated with low arousal and positive emotion. Awe also increased Lempel Ziv Complexity (LZC), a measure of neural signal entropy linked to richer conscious experience. LZC correlated positively with awe intensity and negatively with skin conductance. Three additional datasets using different induction methods (video clips and DMT) showed similar occipital LZC increases, suggesting LZC may be a generalizable neurophysiological marker of awe.