A single low-dose intravenous ketamine infusion (0.5 mg/kg) triggers immediate and profound changes in gene expression in the blood of individuals with ADNP syndrome, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder. These alterations include upregulation of immune and inflammatory processes and downregulation of RNA processing and metabolism, with specific enrichment in monocyte-related expression patterns. The changes are transient, returning to baseline within 24 hours to one week. The findings clarify ketamine's molecular effects and support further research into its therapeutic targets for ADNP syndrome and potentially autism spectrum disorder.
A single low-dose intravenous ketamine infusion (0.5 mg/kg) triggers immediate and profound changes in gene expression in the blood of 10 individuals with ADNP syndrome, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder causing intellectual disability, developmental delay, and autism spectrum disorder. The alterations are enriched in monocyte-related patterns, with up-regulation of immune and inflammatory processes and down-regulation of RNA processing and metabolism. These changes are transient, returning to baseline within 24 hours to one week after treatment. The findings clarify ketamine's molecular effects and may guide therapeutic development for ADNP syndrome and possibly autism spectrum disorder.