Skip to content

Mel Nelson

Division of Molecular Therapeutics, Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, Inc. (RFMH) / New York State Psychiatric Institute (NYSPI), New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), New York, NY 10032, USA.

3 papers in the library · 30 citations · publishing 2021-2025

Papers

Oxa-Iboga alkaloids lack cardiac risk and disrupt opioid use in animal models.

Nature communications September 20, 2024 Václav Havel, Andrew C Kruegel, Benjamin Bechand et al. 18 citations

A new class of iboga alkaloids, called oxa-iboga, was created by modifying the iboga molecular structure to replace a key component with a benzofuran ring. These compounds lack the heart rhythm risks (proarrhythmic effects) of ibogaine and noribogaine when tested on human heart cells. In male rats, oxa-iboga compounds were more effective than ibogaine at reducing opioid use. They act as potent kappa opioid receptor agonists but produce different behavioral effects than typical kappa agonists. A single dose or short treatment with oxa-noribogaine led to long-lasting reductions in morphine, heroin, and fentanyl intake, reversed persistent opioid-induced pain sensitivity, and suppressed drug-seeking behavior in relapse models. These compounds offer a mechanistically distinct approach to treating opioid use disorder.

Mu Opioid Receptor Activation is Required for NMDA Receptor Antagonist Effects on Stress-induced Maladaptive Behavior.

Biological psychiatry July 7, 2025 Cory B Langreck, Briana Chen, Victor M Luna et al. 9 citations

Mu opioid receptor (MOR) activation is required for the antidepressant-like effects of both (R,S)-ketamine and the selective NMDAR antagonist fluoroethylnormemantine (FENM) against stress-induced maladaptive behaviors. (R,S)-ketamine and its enantiomers showed weak partial agonism of MOR, while FENM had negligible direct MOR activity. Despite these differences, the long-acting MOR antagonist methocinnamox (MCAM) blocked the behavioral effects of both compounds when given before or after stress. The antinociceptive effect of (R,S)-ketamine was more potent and more sensitive to MCAM blockade than that of FENM. These findings suggest that NMDAR antagonists function indirectly through endogenous opioid signaling to produce their effects.

Novel Class of Psychedelic Iboga Alkaloids Disrupts Opioid Use

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) July 23, 2021 Václav Havel, Andrew C. Kruegel, Benjamin Bechand et al. 3 citations preprint

A new class of iboga alkaloids, called oxa-iboga, was created by modifying the iboga skeleton to include a benzofuran group. These compounds act as potent kappa opioid receptor agonists but show atypical behavioral effects compared to standard kappa psychedelics. Oxa-noribogaine, a key oxa-iboga compound, demonstrated greater therapeutic efficacy in rat models of opioid use than noribogaine, with no cardiac pro-arrhythmic potential. A single dose produced long-lasting suppression of morphine and fentanyl intake, and a short treatment regimen persistently reduced morphine intake and reinforcing efficacy. It also suppressed drug seeking in relapse models and elevated neurotrophin proteins in brain regions linked to addiction, suggesting targeted neuroplasticity. Oxa-iboga compounds are candidates for a novel pharmacotherapy for opioid use disorder.