A review of 103 naturalistic psychedelic studies found that most used cross-sectional surveys, ayahuasca was the most studied substance (66%), and ceremonial settings were the most common context (35.9%). Sample characteristics were widely reported but varied considerably, while specific contextual details like music were often missing. The authors call for systematic reporting standards to improve the value of real-world psychedelic research alongside clinical trials.
Portuguese adults who participate in ayahuasca ceremonies report good or very good health, with lower rates of chronic disease and obesity compared to the general population. They also report greater physical activity, lower alcohol consumption, and enhanced psychological well-being. Many attribute positive lifestyle changes, reduced substance use, and less reliance on prescription medication to their ayahuasca experiences. These findings align with prior research linking ayahuasca use to health and well-being, though causal pathways remain unclear.