Combining whole-brain models with deep learning, researchers mapped the low-dimensional space of patients with disorders of consciousness and simulated pharmacological interventions by altering neuromodulatory levels. Serotonergic and opioid receptor activation shifted the models toward brain dynamics seen in healthier states, with improvements correlating with the mean density of activated receptors across the brain. This approach provides a way to explore therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs within ethical and methodological constraints, marking progress toward treatments for disorders of consciousness and other brain diseases.
Disorders of consciousness involve impaired awareness with few non-invasive treatment options. Researchers used computer models to simulate how activating certain receptors, particularly serotonergic and opioid receptors, alters whole-brain dynamics in patients. The simulations shifted patients' brain activity patterns toward those seen in conscious, awake individuals. This effect depended on the density of activated receptors across the brain. The results suggest whole-brain modeling can help identify new pharmacological treatments and support the potential of serotonergic psychedelics to accelerate recovery of consciousness.