Plasma Pharmacokinetics of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine After Controlled Oral Administration to Young Adults
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring May 21, 2008 Erin A Kolbrich, Robert S. Goodwin, David A. Gorelick et al. 127 citations
After a low oral dose of MDMA (1.0 mg/kg), average maximum plasma concentrations were 162.9 ng/mL for MDMA and 171.9 ng/mL for its metabolite HMMA. After a high dose (1.6 mg/kg), MDMA's average maximum concentration rose significantly to 291.8 ng/mL, while HMMA's remained unchanged at 173.5 ng/mL, indicating nonlinear pharmacokinetics. The half-lives of MDMA, MDA, and HMMA ranged from roughly 7 to 13.5 hours. This study provides the first MDMA plasma pharmacokinetic data from Black participants and female participants, with more frequent and extended sampling than prior work.