The impact of ketamine on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology in trauma-exposed populations: a narrative review.
Journal of trauma and injury June 1, 2026 Minaal Ahmed Malik, Michele Halasa, Jack Chia et al.
Ketamine, a drug used in emergency medicine for pain and sedation, has a complex relationship with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A single low-dose infusion (0.5 mg/kg) can reduce PTSD symptoms within 24 hours compared to midazolam, without lasting dissociative effects. However, some observational studies link ketamine use in acute trauma care to heightened dissociation, hyperarousal, and stress symptoms early on. Research on burn patients suggests intraoperative ketamine may reduce PTSD incidence, though one later study found no difference from controls. Effects appear to depend on dose and timing: perioperative use may be protective, while immediate post-trauma administration could worsen dissociative and stress responses. Further trials are needed to refine dosing and identify patient-specific risk factors.