Increased interleukin-1β levels following low dose MDMA induces tolerance against the 5-HT neurotoxicity produced by challenge MDMA
Journal of Neuroinflammation December 1, 2011 Andrea Mayado, Elisa Torres, Maria D Gutierrez-Lopez et al. 8 citations
A low dose of MDMA given to rats 96 hours before a neurotoxic dose reduces damage to serotonin transporters and lowers elevated interleukin-1β levels while increasing interleukin-1 receptor antagonist levels. The low dose itself raises IL-1β at 3 hours and IL-1ra at 96 hours, and increases soluble IL-1 receptor type I expression. Blocking IL-1 signaling with sIL-1RI prevents this protective effect, while injecting IL-1β alone mimics the preconditioning, indicating that IL-1β is key in developing tolerance to MDMA neurotoxicity.