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Sydney S Cash

From the Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery (CNTR) (D.B.R., L.B., S.S.C., C.G., R.M., M.M., L.R.H.), Department of Neurology, and Department of Neurosurgery (Z.M.W.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (D.B.R., S.S.C., L.R.H.), Boston, MA; Department of Biomedical Engineering (A.B.A., R.F.K.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; FES Center of Excellence, Rehab. R&D Service (A.B.A., R.F.K., J.P.M., J.A.S., B.L.W.), Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, OH; Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology (CfNN) (M.B., J.P.D., J.D.S., L.R.H.), Rehabilitation R&D Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI; Legs and Walking Lab (D.C.), Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (D.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, IL; Department of Neuroscience (J.P.D.), Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science (J.P.D., J.D.S., L.R.H.), School of Engineering (J.P.D., J.D.S., L.R.H.), and Department of Rehabilitation Medicine (J.A.M.), Brown University, Providence, RI; Department of Neurological Surgery (E.N.E.), Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; European University of Cyprus (G.F.), Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Neurosurgery (J.M.H.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute (J.M.H., K.V.S.), Bio-X Institute (J.M.H., K.V.S.), and Departments of Neurobiology (K.V.S.), Electrical Engineering (K.V.S.), and Bioengineering (K.V.S.), Stanford University, CA; Department of Neurological Surgery (R.F.K., J.P.M., J.A.S.), University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH; Neurology Section (S.T.M.), VA Providence Health Care System, Providence, RI; Department of Neurology (S.T.M.), Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI; Sargent Rehabilitation Center (J.A.M.), Warwick, RI; Section of Neurosurgery (R.D.P.), Department of Surgery, University of Chicago; Department of Neurosurgery (R.D.P.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (J.S.), Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute at Stanford University (K.V.S.); Center for Neurological Restoration (B.L.W.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; and Program in Neuroscience (Z.M.W.), Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

1 paper in the library · 11 citations · publishing 2025

Papers

Learning and language in the unconscious human hippocampus.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology April 9, 2025 Kalman A Katlowitz, Shraddha Shah, Melissa C Franch et al. 11 citations preprint

Learning, semantic processing, and online prediction persist in the human hippocampus during general anesthesia-induced loss of consciousness. Using high-density Neuropixels microelectrodes to record neural activity while playing tones to anesthetized patients, hippocampal neurons reliably detected oddball tones, and this effect grew over about ten minutes, consistent with learning. A recurrent neural network model showed that learning and oddball representation emerge from flexible tone discrimination. When language stimuli were played, single units and ensembles carried information about semantic and grammatical features of natural speech, even predicting semantic information about upcoming words. These results indicate that complex sensory processing occurs in the hippocampus even in the unconscious state.