Use of Psychedelics for Pain: A Scoping Review.

Chronic pain affects about 1.5 billion people worldwide. Current treatments like opioids and non-opioid drugs can cause side effects, addiction, or fail to relieve pain. Psychedelics such as LSD and psilocybin may alter pain perception through serotonin receptor activation, anti-inflammatory effects, and synaptic remodeling. This scoping review identified 21 human studies on psychedelics for pain. Few clinical trials exist, and sample sizes are small, limiting clinical use. Overall, psychedelics show promise for analgesia in certain headache disorders and cancer pain. Future research should examine combining psychotherapy with psychedelics for chronic pain.

Study at a glance

Abstract

Chronic pain is a public health concern that affects approximately 1.5 billion people globally. Conventional therapeutic agents including opioid and non-opioid analgesics have been associated with adverse side effects, issues with addiction, and ineffective analgesia. Novel agents repurposed to treat pain via different mechanisms are needed to fill the therapeutic gap in chronic pain management. Psychedelics such as lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocybin (the active ingredient in psychedelic mushrooms) are thought to alter pain perception through direct serotonin receptor agonism, anti-inflammatory effects, and synaptic remodeling. This scoping review was conducted to identify human studies in which psychedelic agents were used for the treatment of pain. Twenty-one articles that assessed the effects of psychedelics in treating various pain states were included. The present scarcity of clinical trials and small sample sizes limit their application for clinical use. Overall, psychedelics appear to show promise for analgesia in patients with certain headache disorders and cancer pain diagnoses. Future studies must aim to examine the combined effects of psychotherapy and psychedelics on chronic pain.