Ketamine and its combination with pentazocine and meperidine for epidural anaesthesia in dogs
The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences September 17, 2014 DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v84i9.43512
Summary
AI-generated from the abstractIn 15 clinically healthy dogs about 1 year old, epidural ketamine alone or combined with either pentazocine or meperidine produced effective analgesia. The ketamine–pentazocine combination gave the quickest onset of analgesia (3.68 minutes), followed by ketamine–meperidine (3.88 minutes) and ketamine alone (4.08 minutes). The combinations also provided significantly longer duration of analgesia, standing time, and recovery time than ketamine alone. Rectal temperature, heart rate, and respiration changed initially but returned toward normal within 120 minutes. No group showed significant difference in duration of recumbency. Untoward reactions were minimal, transient, and occasional. Pentazocine and meperidine can be given epidurally with ketamine for effective analgesia in dogs.
Study at a glance
| Characteristics | Randomized controlled trial Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 15 |
| Population | Clinically healthy dogs of either sex aged about 1 year |
| Interventions | Ketamine hydrochloride Pentazocine lactate Meperidine |
| Dose | ketamine @3 mg/kg b.wt; pentazocine lactate @ 0.3 mg/kg b.wt; meperidine @ 1mg/kg b.wt |
| Duration | 120 min of observation |
| Keywords | Analgesia Epidural drug combinations Canine veterinary medicine |
| Key finding | Epidural ketamine combined with pentazocine or meperidine provided quicker onset and longer duration of analgesia than ketamine alone in dogs. |
Abstract
Clinically healthy dogs (15) of either sex aged about 1 year were randomly grouped into 3 with 5 dogs each to study the effect of epidural administration of ketamine alone and in combination with pentazocine and meperidine on clinic – anaesthetic profile in dogs. Ketamine hydrochloride @3 mg/kg b.wt and ketamine @3mg/kg b.wt in combination with pentazocine lactate @ 0.3 mg/kg b.wt and ketamine @ 3mg/kg b.wt in combination with meperidine @ 1mg/kg b.wt were administered epidurally in animals of group 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Marked alteration in rectal temperature, heart rate and respiration rate were recorded at initial intervals of observations in all the groups, however, these values returned towards normalcy by the end of 120 min of observation. Quicker onset of analgesia was recorded in group 2 (3.68±0.22 min) followed by group 3 (3.88±0.17 min) and group 1 (4.08±0.33 min). The duration of analgesia, standing time and recovery time were significantly longer in group 2 and 3 as compared to group 1. None of the groups showed significant variation in duration of recumbency. The treated animals manifested minimum, transient and occasional untoward reactions. It is concluded that pentazocine and meperidine can be given epidurally in combination with ketamine for effective analgesia in dogs.