Ibogaine/Noribogaine in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders: ASystematic Review of the Current Literature
Alessio Mosca, Stefania Chiappini, Andrea Miuli, Gianluca Mancusi, Maria Chiara Santovito, Francesco di Carlo, Mauro Pettorruso, John Corkery, Carlos Canessa, Giovanni Martinotti, Massimo Di Giannantonio
Current Neuropharmacology October 20, 2022 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666221017085612 via OpenAlex
Summary
AI-generated from the abstractIbogaine and noribogaine, psychedelic substances from plants of the Apocynaceae family, show some efficacy in treating substance use disorders, particularly opiate detoxification. However, their use carries concerning risks of cardiotoxicity and mortality. A meta-analysis of side effects found a significant risk of developing headaches after treatment. The evidence, drawn from case reports, randomized controlled trials, open-label studies, surveys, and observational studies, remains unclear on overall efficacy and toxicity. Further research is needed to evaluate therapeutic benefits and safety.
Study at a glance
| Characteristics | Systematic review Randomized Open-label Case report Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Topics | Addiction |
| Keywords | Abstinence Systematic review Observational study Web of science |
| Citations | 30 |
| Key finding | Ibogaine shows some efficacy in treating substance use disorders, but its cardiotoxicity and mortality are worrying, and a meta-analysis indicated a significant risk of headaches. |
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ibogaine and noribogaine are psychedelic substances with dissociative properties naturally occurring in plants of the Apocynaceae family. Research has shown their efficacy in treating substance use disorders (SUD), particularly in opiate detoxification, but their efficacy and toxicity are still unclear. OBJECTIVE: This review aims to assess the anti-addictive role of ibogaine and evaluate its side effects. METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted on the 29th of November 2021 using PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases through the following search strategy: ("Ibogaine" OR "Noribogaine") AND ("SUD" OR "substance use disorder" OR "craving" OR "abstinence" OR "withdrawal" OR "addiction" OR "detoxification") NOT animal NOT review NOT "vitro." The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was followed for data gathering purposes. Research methods were registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021287034). RESULTS: Thirty-one articles were selected for the systematic revision, and two were considered for analysis. The results were organised according to the type of study: case reports/case series, randomised- controlled trials (RCTs), open-label, survey and observational studies. The main outcomes were related to the anti-addictive effect of ibogaine and its cardiac toxicity. A meta-analysis of side effects was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software, showing a significant risk of developing headaches after ibogaine/noribogaine treatment. CONCLUSION: The results show some efficacy of ibogaine in the treatment of SUDs, but its cardiotoxicity and mortality are worrying. Further studies are needed to assess its therapeutic efficacy and actual safety.