Morphological correlates of anxiety-related experiences during a ketamine infusion.
S Graf, G Dörl, C Milz, M Kathofer, P Stöhrmann, D Gomola, E Briem, G Schlosser, A Mayerweg, J Semmelweis-Tomits, A Hoti, B Eggerstorfer, C Schmidt, J Crone, D Rujescu, M Spies, R Lanzenberger, B Spurny-Dworak
The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry November 1, 2024 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2024.2402261 via PubMed
Summary
AI-generated from the abstractKetamine's rapid antidepressant effects are linked to enhanced neuroplasticity in the amygdala and hippocampus, brain regions involved in fear and learning. Anxiety during ketamine infusion is associated with poorer treatment outcomes. In a single-blind, placebo-controlled study, 17 healthy volunteers received placebo then 0.5 mg/kg ketamine intravenously. Anxiety was measured using the 5D-ASC score, and brain scans were taken 4 hours after infusion. Smaller hippocampal head volume significantly predicted greater anxiety (β = -0.733, p = 0.006), with similar trends for subfields. Hippocampal subfield volumes may help predict anxiety-related experiences during ketamine use and potentially treatment outcomes.
Study at a glance
| Characteristics | Single-blind, placebo-controlled study Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 17 |
| Population | Healthy volunteers (6 males, mean age 23.12 ± 1.9 years) |
| Intervention | Racemic ketamine |
| Dose | 0.5 mg/kg |
| Topics | Anxiety Ketamine |
| Keywords | Amygdala Hippocampus Morphology Ketamine therapy Brain anatomy |
| Citations | 2 |
| Key finding | Smaller hippocampal head volume was significantly associated with greater anxiety-related experiences during ketamine infusion. |
Abstract
Ketamine exerts rapid antidepressant effects by enhancing neuroplasticity, particularly in the amygdala and hippocampus-regions involved in fear processing and learning. While the role of ketamine's dissociative effects in its antidepressant response is debated, anxiety experienced during infusion has been negatively correlated with treatment outcomes. In this single-blind, placebo-controlled study, a subset of 17 healthy volunteers (6 males, 23.12 ± 1.9 years) received intravenously a placebo in the first and 0.5 mg/kg racemic ketamine in the second session. Anxiety-related experiences were assessed by the 5D-ASC score obtained post-infusion, structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired 4 h post-infusion. An anxiety-score was obtained from the 5D-ASC. Relation between post-placebo amygdala volume, hippocampal volume, and its subfields with the anxiety-score were assessed using linear regression models. Results showed a statistically significant negative relation between hippocampal head volume and the anxiety score (β = -0.733, p = 0.006), with trending negative association for each subfield's head and the score. These findings suggest that anxiety-related experiences during ketamine infusion may be mediated by the hippocampus, with smaller hippocampal volumes leading to more anxiety-related experiences. Thus, hippocampal subfield volumes may be used as a predictor for anxiety-related events during ketamine use and might predict treatment outcome in future approaches.