From chaos to kaleidoscope: Exploring factors in psychedelic self-treatment for mental health conditions.

People who use psychedelics outside of medical guidance to treat their own mental health conditions often report improvements in mental health and self-awareness, which may reduce their need for prescribed medications. An analysis of 2,552 respondents from the Global Drug Survey 2020 identified three key factors from self-reported psychedelic effects: Improved Mental Health, Improved Self-Awareness, and Neuro-Sensory Changes. Most respondents had a history of depression (80%) or anxiety (65.6%). The perceived benefits from psychedelic self-treatment were linked to a lower likelihood of currently using prescribed medication, especially for depression or combined depression and anxiety. These findings suggest that psychedelics could have therapeutic potential for mental health.

Study at a glance

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: This study explores how individuals self-treat psychiatric conditions with psychedelics outside medical guidance bridging the gap in understanding unregulated therapeutic use. AIMS: The primary objective was to extract specific factors underlying the effects of psychedelics, exploring their relationship with the need for medication, particularly for mental health conditions like depression and anxiety. Additionally, we aimed to understand how the likelihood of being prescribed pharmacological medication varies based on mental health diagnoses and demographic factors. METHODS: This research utilised the Global Drug Survey 2020, an annual online survey focused on substance use patterns and demographics, incorporating modules addressing mental health and psychedelic use. The study employed Exploratory Factor Analysis to discern latent factors underlying the self-reported effects of psychedelics. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to investigate the association between identified factors and the likelihood of current prescribed medication usage. RESULTS: In all, 2552 respondents reported using psychedelics for self-treatment of mental health conditions. Three significant factors were identified: Improved Mental Health, Improved Self-Awareness and Neuro-Sensory Changes. The majority of the sample reported a history of depression (80%) or anxiety (65.6%), with a significant association observed between reported factors of psychedelics' effects and current medication usage for mental health, especially notable in cases of depression or comorbid depression and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: Perceived symptom improvement following psychedelic self-treatment may reduce the need for medically supervised pharmacological interventions. These findings highlight the potential of psychedelics to positively influence mental health and self-awareness, paving the way for further research into their therapeutic application.