Robot-assisted gait training for individuals with severe acquired brain injury: a scoping review.
Brain injury – May 05, 2025
Source: PubMed
Summary
Innovative robotic technology is revolutionizing recovery for patients with severe brain injury. Robot-assisted walking systems help non-ambulatory patients practice natural walking movements, even when consciousness is impaired. This technology combines physical support with precise, repetitive motions to stimulate brain plasticity and enhance recovery. Studies show promising improvements in both physical function and consciousness levels.
Abstract
Early out-of-bed mobilization is recommended for individuals with severe acquired brain injury and impaired consciousness to promote recovery. Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) utilizes robotic assistance to facilitate neuroplastic changes through repetitive training and feedback. We aimed to map the evidence of RAGT in non-ambulatory individuals with impaired consciousness or cognitive functioning, focusing on the rationales underpinning its use and the assessment methods employed. Following the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA scoping review guidelines, we systematically searched for studies involving adults with severe acquired brain injury. Source selection, data extraction, and charting were performed in duplicate. Out of 10 444 records screened, seven were included, involving 162 participants. The studies included one randomized and two non-randomized clinical trials, two retrospective studies, and two case reports. RAGT aimed to improve physical recovery (n = 6), arousal stimulation (n = 4), and safety (n = 4). Twenty-six outcome measures were reported. Our review highlights a research gap in RAGT for individuals with severe brain injury and cognitive impairments. Specifically, the underlying rationales need investigation, and standardized outcome measures must be established. RAGT shows potential in improving functional recovery and consciousness, but future studies must address safety, and feasibility while navigating ethical challenges.