Difficulties following naturalistic psychedelic use and associations with adverse childhood experiences.
Int J Drug Policy – December 13, 2025
Source: PubMed Central
Summary
A significant number of individuals using psychedelics outside clinical settings experience post-use difficulties. Among 1,500 participants, 35% reported challenges such as confusion or anxiety. A strong association exists with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs); individuals with a history of trauma were 2.5 times more likely to encounter these issues. This underscores how personal history profoundly shapes psychedelic outcomes, emphasizing the critical role of past experiences in naturalistic use.
Abstract
Difficulties following naturalistic psychedelic use and associations with adverse childhood experiences.