Heart rate variability responses to personalized and non-personalized affective videos. A study on healthy subjects and patients with disorders of consciousness.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2025
Source: PubMed
Summary
Our hearts respond differently to familiar faces versus strangers - a finding that could revolutionize how we assess consciousness in patients. Heart rate patterns in healthy people showed distinct changes when viewing videos of loved ones, while patients with disorders of consciousness had muted responses. This suggests heart rhythm analysis could offer a simple, non-invasive way to detect covert cognition and improve diagnosis in minimally conscious patients.
Abstract
The diagnosis of patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC), including those in a minimally conscious state (MCS) and those with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS), remains a significant clinical challenge. Neurobehavioral assessment primarily relies on motor responses to commands, which are often difficult to interpret due to impaired comprehension and cognitive-motor dissociation, resulting in a high rate of misdiagnosis. While electrical, hemodynamic, and metabolic brain responses, combined with personalized stimuli, have shown promise in improving diagnosis, the role of cardiac activity-less intrusive and time-efficient-remains underexplored. This study investigated heart rate variability (HRV) responses to personalized videos of acquaintances versus non-personalized videos of strangers. The study included 17 healthy subjects and 11 patients with DOC. Cardiac responses were recorded and analyzed to compare responses to different stimuli and to examine differences between the two groups. Healthy subjects exhibited significant differences in several HRV measures in response to both personalized and non-personalized stimuli, whereas patients with DOC did not demonstrate similar differences. Additionally, significant differences were observed in HRV measures between healthy subjects and patients with DOC. These findings suggest impaired emotional processing in patients with DOC. Further exploration of these differences may enhance diagnostic approaches for this patient population, particularly through the integration of HRV-based measures.