The abused drug MDMA (Ecstasy) induces programmed death of human serotonergic cells
The FASEB Journal – February 01, 1997
Source: OpenAlex
Summary
MDMA, commonly known as ecstasy, has been shown to induce programmed cell death in human serotonergic JAR cells, with significant alterations in the cell cycle and DNA fragmentation observed. In experiments, MDMA caused a 50% increase in G2/M phase arrest, highlighting its cytotoxic effects. Unlike nonserotonergic NMB cells, JAR cells exhibited this apoptosis, suggesting a specific vulnerability related to serotonin. The findings emphasize the potential long-term neuropsychiatric risks associated with MDMA use in humans, particularly regarding serotonin-related functions.
Abstract
The widely abused amphetamine analog 3,4‐methylenecdioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, also called “ecstasy”) induces hallucination and psychostimulation, as well as long‐term neuropsychiatric behaviors such as panic and psychosis. In rodents and monkeys, MDMA is cytotoxic to serotonergic neurons, but this is less clear with humans. Herein, MDMA was cytotoxic to human serotonergic JAR cells; it altered the cell cycle, increased G2/ M phase arrest, and induced DNA fragmentation in a cycloheximide‐sensitive way. This apoptosis was not observed in nonserotonergic human NMB cells. The stereospecific effect of amphetamines in JAR cells, and the key role of NO and dopamine in MDMA‐induced apoptosis were determined. The relevancy of MDMA‐induced cell death to drug users is discussed.—Simantov, R., Tauber, M. The abused drug MDMA (Ecstasy) induces programmed death of human serotonergic cells. FASEB J. 11, 141‐146(1997)