Ketamine administration in healthy volunteers reproduces aberrant agency experiences associated with schizophrenia.
Cogn Neuropsychiatry February 6, 2011 James W. Moore, Danielle C. Turner, Philip R. Corlett et al. 64 citations
Ketamine, a drug that induces temporary psychosis-like symptoms, increased the sense of agency in healthy adults, mimicking the exaggerated action-effect binding seen in schizophrenia. In a small experiment, 14 participants given low-dose ketamine showed greater compression of time between their actions and outcomes compared to placebo. The size of this effect correlated with unusual bodily experiences caused by the drug. The findings suggest ketamine can reproduce certain agency disturbances characteristic of schizophrenia, and that these changes are linked to broader alterations in body awareness.