Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Dextromethorphan (DXM).
ACS chemical neuroscience June 21, 2023 Elliot W McClure, R Nathan Daniels
Dextromethorphan (DXM), introduced in 1958 as the first non-opioid cough suppressant, has become the most used over-the-counter cough medicine. While its antagonism at NMDA receptors underlies its effectiveness for cough, large doses produce intoxicating and psychedelic effects similar to dissociative hallucinogens like phencyclidine and ketamine. This review covers DXM's synthesis, metabolism, pharmacology, adverse effects, recreational use, abuse potential, and therapeutic history, presenting it as a classic compound in chemical neuroscience.