Classic psychedelics and autism spectrum disorder: preclinical evidence, mechanistic insights and unresolved challenges.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews August 1, 2026 Fabrizio Ascone, Diletta Giangiacomo, Viviana Trezza
A review of preclinical studies finds that classic psychedelics affect behavioral domains overlapping with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including social interaction, communication, repetitive behaviors, anxiety-like traits, and cognitive function. The neurobiological mechanisms involve serotonergic signaling, glutamatergic neurotransmission, neuroinflammatory processes, BDNF/TrkB pathways, and oxytocinergic and dopaminergic modulation. Mechanistic convergence with neurobiological alterations implicated in ASD is identified, but significant gaps constrain interpretation, including a scarcity of studies in established animal models of ASD, reliance on simplified behavioral assays, and uncertainty about how ASD-specific circuit alterations may influence responses to psychedelics.