Detection of ketamine in the oral fluid of drivers in northeastern France during the years 2020-2023.
Fundamental & clinical pharmacology April 1, 2025 Laïyna Lilo Aouichi, Elise Pape, Jean-Yves Jouzeau et al. 4 citations
About 2.6% of drivers who tested positive for drugs in roadside checks in northeastern France over 32 months (2020–2023) had ketamine in their oral fluid. Among 88 ketamine-positive drivers, 80.7% were male, 95.4% used multiple drugs, and their average age was 27.5 years. Ketamine concentrations averaged 821 ng/mL when norketamine was also present and 7.8 ng/mL when it was absent. Roughly 26% of ketamine-positive drivers had oral fluid levels potentially linked to impaired driving. The authors suggest adding ketamine and norketamine to routine oral fluid drug testing for driving under the influence.