A systematic review of 29 studies found limited evidence that sex influences the acute cognitive effects of cannabis or THC in humans. Only 6 of 29 articles (20.7%), representing 8 of 216 cognitive outcomes (3.7%), reported sex differences. All six studies found greater cognitive impairment in female participants for at least one measure; one study also found greater effects in male participants, and one found divergent effects between sexes. No consistent patterns emerged by cognitive domain, route of administration, or dosing paradigm. Methodological heterogeneity across studies prevents firm conclusions, and future research should examine hormonal modulation of cannabinoid effects.
A systematic review of treatments for suicidality among psychiatric inpatients aged 18–65 found that intravenous ketamine produced the most consistent rapid reduction in suicidality among 14 pharmacologic trials. Among 35 nonpharmacologic trials—including chronotherapy, neurostimulation, and psychotherapies—results were mixed, with some interventions showing potential benefit, especially for mood, personality, and trauma-related disorders. Many studies had methodological limitations such as nonrandomized designs and lack of control groups. The review calls for larger, well-designed trials to confirm effectiveness.