Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse and Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB Hertfordshire, UK. Electronic address: f.schifano@herts.ac.uk.
2 papers in the library · 22 citations · publishing 2006-2025
Intranasal esketamine, the S-enantiomer of ketamine, is approved with oral antidepressants for treatment-resistant depression and offers rapid absorption. Analysis of FDA Adverse Events Reporting System data up to May 2024 compared urological safety profiles of esketamine, ketamine, and several other antidepressants and antipsychotics. Risperidone had the highest total adverse drug reactions (107,418) and serious cases (71,515), including acute kidney injury and urinary incontinence. Esketamine and ketamine were associated with lower urinary tract symptoms and nephrolithiasis. Disproportionality analysis showed ketamine had higher odds of renal and urinary disorders, while esketamine had lower or comparable odds, suggesting a relatively favorable tolerability profile for esketamine.
A search of German websites found Salvia divinorum offered for sale on 29% of the first 100 sites, while cannabis and LSD were not marketed on any sites. Official or institutional sites were rare for Salvia (12%) compared to cannabis (21%) and LSD (38%). A drug-friendly attitude appeared on 64% of Salvia sites, 58% for cannabis, and 24% for LSD. The low availability of official information on Salvia divinorum relative to drug-friendly or drug-trading sites suggests new drug consumption trends can be tracked on the Internet before they appear in official literature.