Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
2 papers in the library · 15 citations · publishing 2024-2025
In children aged 2-5 years undergoing tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy with sevoflurane anesthesia, intranasal premedication combining dexmedetomidine and esketamine reduces emergence delirium more effectively than esketamine alone (9.4% vs 38.1%) and reduces postoperative negative behavioral changes at day 7 more effectively than dexmedetomidine alone (28.1% vs 48.4%). The combination also provides better sedation, easier separation from parents, better mask acceptance, shorter emergence time, and higher parental satisfaction than either drug alone, without significant adverse effects. No significant difference in emergence delirium was found between the combination and dexmedetomidine alone.
Ketamine, originally developed as an anesthetic, is now being studied for depression treatment, but its addictive potential is a growing concern. This research used a mouse model of ketamine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) to investigate changes in the striatum, a brain region involved in reward. Advanced metabolomics techniques revealed that ketamine abuse alters striatal metabolites, affecting pathways related to arginine synthesis, purine metabolism, and morphine addiction. Specifically, ketamine increased the neurotransmitter kynurenine (Kyn) and decreased dopamine (DA) in the striatum. These disturbances in Kyn and DA metabolism may underlie the addictive behaviors seen in the CPP model, offering new insights into ketamine addiction mechanisms.