Females in Psychedelic Research: A Perspective for Advancing Research and Practice.
ACS pharmacology & translational science July 11, 2025 Zahira Ziva Cohen, Grace Blest-Hopley 9 citations
Ovarian hormone fluctuations, particularly estradiol and progesterone, modulate neurotransmitter systems involved in psychedelic pharmacology, including serotonin, dopamine, GABA, and glutamate. These hormonal changes across the menstrual cycle influence 5-HT2A receptor expression and functional connectivity, potentially affecting both the subjective intensity and therapeutic efficacy of psychedelics. The paper argues that incorporating menstrual phase tracking and hormonal assays into clinical trials and observational studies can reduce data variability, support individualized care, and improve informed consent practices for women. A better understanding of the interplay between female-specific biology and psychedelic pharmacodynamics is needed to advance safe, ethical, and effective therapies.