Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Tryptamines in the Poison of Incilius alvarius (Amphibia: Bufonidae).
Journal of analytical toxicology May 20, 2022 Hannes M Schwelm, Nicole Zimmermann, Tobias Scholl et al. 13 citations
The poison of the Colorado River toad (Incilius alvarius) contains a variety of psychoactive tryptamines, with 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) as the main component at an average concentration of 410,000 μg per gram of poison. Using multiple analytical methods, researchers identified nine tryptamine compounds, including 5-MeO-tryptamine and two positional isomers of hydroxylated MeO-DMT detected for the first time in this species. Concentrations of other tryptamines such as bufotenin (2,800 μg/g), 5-MeO-tryptamine (490 μg/g), 5-HO-N-methyltryptamine (270 μg/g), and DMT (250 μg/g) varied considerably between individual toad samples. These comprehensive reference data may assist forensic chemists in analyzing toad venom samples.