Biological Correlates of Dissociative Disorders: A Systematic Review on Biomarkers and Trauma Connections.
Journal of trauma & dissociation : the official journal of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation (ISSD) January 1, 2025 Ivano Caselli, Marta Ielmini, Giulia Gastaldello et al. 2 citations
Pathological dissociation involves disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, perception, and affect, often linked to trauma. This systematic review of 123 studies identifies increased prefrontal cortex activation and reduced hippocampal volume as potential biomarkers for pathological dissociation. Altered connectivity in the limbic system, frequently tied to childhood trauma, further supports the neurobiological basis of dissociative symptoms. Biochemical and genetic findings are promising but inconsistent, requiring more validation. Identifying reliable biomarkers could improve diagnostic accuracy, guide personalized treatments, and monitor therapy responses.