A virtual mindfulness-based intervention adapted for adolescents with type 1 diabetes and elevated depression or anxiety symptoms was compared to a health education program in a pilot trial. Among 42 adolescents aged 12–17, 55% of screened youth were eligible and all enrolled. Retention was 93%, session attendance 96%, and survey completion 93% at follow-ups. Both groups showed declines in depression, anxiety, disordered eating, diabetes distress, and HbA1c over time, with trends toward greater reductions in depression and HbA1c in the mindfulness group. The findings suggest both interventions are feasible and acceptable, but a full trial is needed to test whether the mindfulness approach is more effective.
A protocol for a multisite pilot and feasibility randomized controlled trial compares a six-week mindfulness-based intervention, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and health education groups for 120 adolescents ages 12-17 with elevated depression symptoms, body mass index at or above the 85th percentile, and a family history of diabetes. The trial, conducted across four U.S. sites, aims to assess intervention fidelity, recruitment feasibility, and acceptability. Primary outcomes include at least 80% adherence to intervention protocols and at least 80% enrollment of eligible youth. Findings will guide the design of a future multisite efficacy trial evaluating whether mindfulness can reduce depression and improve insulin resistance in adolescents at risk for type 2 diabetes.