A survey of 502 Australians, 64.5% of whom self-identified as having a mental illness, found that 43% favored legalizing psychedelics for medical use and 52.4% were open to their use, but only 24% viewed their effects positively and 33% considered them safe. Most participants (61%) had never used psychedelics. People with mental illness were more likely to have used psychedelics (44.1%) than those without (29.7%). Experience, perceived knowledge, and actual knowledge predicted attitudes toward legalization, effects, risks, and openness. While many Australians support medical legalization, safety concerns persist. Those with mental illness, prior recreational use, or greater knowledge held more positive attitudes.
Australian mental health clinicians—general practitioners, psychiatrists, and psychologists—generally hold positive attitudes toward psychedelic-assisted therapy, but concerns about safety and efficacy persist, especially among psychiatrists. Psychiatrists were significantly more likely than psychologists to perceive psychedelic use as unsafe under medical supervision and to question the scientific rigor of current research. Many clinicians relied on informal sources like podcasts and internet media for information, indicating gaps in evidence-based education. Clinicians who had personal experience with psychedelics were more likely to agree that these substances improve outcomes when combined with psychotherapy and show promise for treating psychiatric disorders. Targeted educational initiatives from professional bodies are needed to support informed clinical decision-making.