Consciousness represents bound or integrated information, but nearly all examples of so-called 'integrated information'—including neuronal processing and conventional computing—are only temporally integrated, meaning outputs correlate with multiple inputs over time rather than being physically integrated in space. Only energy fields can integrate information spatially. The conscious electromagnetic information (cemi) field theory proposes that consciousness is physically integrated, causally active information encoded in the brain's global electromagnetic field, implementing algorithms in space rather than time. The theory accounts for most observed features of consciousness, has recent experimental support, makes untested predictions, and implies a scientific dualism rooted in the difference between matter and energy.
This editorial examines the potential of electromagnetic field theories to explain consciousness, highlighting both promising avenues and significant challenges. It discusses how neural electromagnetic fields might integrate information across brain regions, offering a framework for conscious experience. However, it also addresses obstacles such as the lack of direct causal evidence and difficulties in testing these theories empirically. The piece calls for interdisciplinary collaboration to refine hypotheses and develop experimental approaches that could bridge theoretical gaps.