Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
2 papers in the library · 9 citations · publishing 2024-2025
Major Depressive Disorder involves changes in signal transmission and brain structure. Progress in developing effective antidepressants has been slow due to the dominance of the monoamine hypothesis, and traditional drugs often have delayed effects, limited efficacy, and severe side effects. Recently, fast-acting compounds like S-ketamine and psychedelics such as LSD have emerged, prompting structural research on their target receptors. Cryo-electron microscopy has enabled high-resolution structures of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor, which can be used for virtual drug screening. The 5-HT1A receptor shows unique antidepressant effects in different brain regions, while AMPAR and TrkB receptors regulate synaptic plasticity. Using this structural information, highly selective antidepressants with rapid onset and fewer side effects have been designed.
Esketamine anesthesia during first-trimester surgical abortion maintains more stable blood pressure and heart rate compared with sufentanil, and keeps end-tidal carbon dioxide at preoperative levels while sufentanil increases it. The risk of apnea was 68% lower and hypoxemia 87% lower with esketamine. However, esketamine increased the incidence of intraoperative body movement (50% vs 27%), postoperative dizziness (45% vs 30%), and nausea (7% vs 0%). No differences were found in anesthesia recovery time, sedation scores, pain, or vomiting. Esketamine provides better hemodynamic and respiratory stability but raises the risk of dizziness and nausea.