A serotonergic psychedelic, DOI, can reverse general anesthesia and restore wakefulness in rats, even while anesthetics like propofol or isoflurane continue to be delivered. Behavioral arousal was accompanied by recovery of high gamma functional connectivity and restoration of brain network structure. These effects were blocked by a 5-HT2A antagonist, volinanserin, and a non-psychedelic 5-HT2A agonist, lisuride, failed to produce similar results. This provides the first evidence of psychedelic-mediated reversal of general anesthesia and concurrent restoration of brain dynamics associated with normal wakefulness.
A survey of 1,221 adults who use psychedelics found that most do so without clinical support. Only 22% disclosed their use to a primary care provider, while 58% told a psychiatric provider. Participants had less confidence in primary care providers' ability to integrate psychedelics into treatment. Common reasons for not disclosing included stigma, lack of provider knowledge, and legal concerns. 23% took psychedelics on the same day as potentially interacting psychiatric medications. Although 81% desired therapist support during experiences, only 15% had received it. The disconnection from clinical care may lead to safety issues such as inadequate screening, lack of support for adverse events, and drug interactions.