Skip to content

Steven P Cole

3 papers in the library · 85 citations · publishing 2022-2025

Papers

Effects of Naturalistic Psychedelic Use on Depression, Anxiety, and Well-Being: Associations With Patterns of Use, Reported Harms, and Transformative Mental States.

Frontiers in psychiatry January 1, 2022 Charles L Raison, Rakesh Jain, Andrew D Penn et al. 75 citations

In a large online survey of 2,510 adults who had used psychedelics at least once, psychedelic use was linked to significant improvements in depression, anxiety, and emotional well-being. The benefits grew with more use but showed a ceiling effect; even a single use was associated with improvements. No single psychedelic agent proved clearly superior, but increases in mystical experiences and prosocial perspective-taking were tied to better mental health. However, 13% of participants (330 people) reported at least one harm from psychedelic use, and those individuals experienced less mental health benefit. The findings suggest that naturalistic psychedelic use may offer mental health benefits similar to those in clinical trials, while also posing some risk of harm for a minority.

Psychedelic Use Among Psychiatric Medication Prescribers: Effects on Well-Being, Depression, Anxiety, and Associations with Patterns of Use, Reported Harms, and Transformative Mental States.

Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.) September 1, 2023 Zachary Herrmann, Adam W Levin, Steven P Cole et al. 9 citations

Among 228 healthcare providers who treat psychiatric disorders with medications and reported at least one lifetime psychedelic use, retrospective measures showed improvements in depression, anxiety, and well-being after psychedelic exposure. Suicidality decreased and resilience increased. A factor analysis indicated that a cluster of mystical, interpersonal, and personal experiences predicted these improvements. The preferred psychedelic agent did not affect outcomes, and frequency of use was not associated with outcomes, though effect sizes varied. Harm was reported by 13.2% (n = 30), consistent with general population rates. Pre-exposure alcohol use, aggressive impulses, and desire to die by suicide improved most often, while marijuana use most often worsened or did not change.

Health-related behavioral changes following the use of psychedelics in naturalistic settings.

Preventive medicine reports August 1, 2025 Pedro J Teixeira, Rakesh Jain, Andrew D Penn et al. 1 citation

A survey of 2,510 U.S. adults who had used psychedelics at least once found that most reported lasting improvements in health behaviors after their experiences. Specifically, 66% reduced alcohol use, 49% cut tobacco use, 49% improved their diet, and 48–72% reported fewer impulsive behaviors. People who used psychedelics more often or microdosed were especially likely to report these positive changes. Although some participants experienced harms, the majority perceived lasting benefits. The findings suggest that psychedelic use may be linked to broad behavioral shifts in areas like diet and substance use, not just mental health.