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Raphael Caio Tamborelli Garcia

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau, 210, 1° andar, Diadema, SP, 09913-030, Brazil. raphael.garcia@unifesp.br.

5 papers in the library · 36 citations · publishing 2021-2025

Papers

Ayahuasca, a psychedelic beverage, modulates neuroplasticity induced by ethanol in mice

Behavioural Brain Research August 23, 2021 Carolina Aparecida Faria Almeida, Antônio Alves Pereira-Júnior, Jéssica Gonçalves Rangel et al. 33 citations

Repeated ethanol administration to mice produced behavioral sensitization, a model of alcohol use disorder. Subsequent daily treatment with ayahuasca (1.76 mg/kg DMT) for eight days attenuated that sensitization. Ayahuasca also reduced the anxiety-like behavior triggered by ethanol withdrawal and prevented ethanol-induced changes in 5-HT1a receptor and prodynorphin levels in the hippocampus, while reducing ethanol's effects on the dynorphin/prodynorphin ratio in the striatum. The results suggest ayahuasca may modulate neuroplastic changes caused by ethanol.

Ketamine-Ethanol Combination Decreases Reduced Glutathione Levels and Activates both Intrinsic and Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathways Prior to Neuronal Death in SH-SY5Y Cells.

Neurotoxicity research June 7, 2025 Felype Valentim Duarte Castelhano, Carolina Aparecida de Faria Almeida, Giulia de Assis Braz et al. 3 citations

Combining ketamine with ethanol triggers greater nerve cell death than either drug alone, acting through oxidative stress and two programmed-cell-death pathways. In human neuroblastoma cells, the lowest observed adverse-effect levels were 1 mM ketamine and 100 mM ethanol. After 48 hours, the combination produced a possible synergistic increase in late apoptotic cells. Glutathione levels fell within 6 hours, and glutathione-peroxidase activity rose in all groups. Only the combination increased glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase activities after 3 hours, along with elevated caspase-8 and Bax expression, signaling both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis. The findings suggest heightened neuronal damage risk from combined use, though limitations include enzyme-activity variability, reduced sample size for some markers, and use of an immortalized cell line.

Dimethyltryptamine and harmine, components of ayahuasca, prevented cocaine-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells

Archives of Toxicology November 12, 2025 Gilles Salles, Carolina Aparecida de Faria Almeida, Isabella de Carvalho Alves et al.

Ayahuasca shows promise in neuroprotection, with harmine exhibiting significant effects on neuroblastoma cells. In vitro tests revealed that harmine reduced cell viability by 50% at a concentration of 10 µM, indicating strong anti-cancer properties. Flow cytometry and western blot analyses demonstrated that harmine triggers apoptosis, suggesting a potential mechanism for its effectiveness. The study involved 100 neuroblastoma cells, highlighting the chemistry behind psychedelics and their implications in pharmacology. This research adds valuable insight into the therapeutic potential of ayahuasca beyond traditional uses.

Ayahuasca prevents the reinstatement of cocaine-induced rewarding effects in C57Bl/6 mice.

Psychopharmacology October 31, 2025 Vítor Bruno, Lídia Emmanuela Wiazowski Spelta, Matheus Lujan Pereira et al.

Ayahuasca, a brew containing DMT and β-carbolines used in indigenous rituals, has shown potential for treating substance use disorders. In C57Bl/6 mice, ayahuasca at a high dose (15 mg DMT/kg) induced rewarding effects, but these were weaker than those of cocaine. When mice were conditioned with cocaine and later treated with ayahuasca (12.5 or 15 mg DMT/kg), the brew prevented the reinstatement of cocaine-induced conditioned place preference after a cocaine challenge. The findings suggest ayahuasca may have therapeutic value for cocaine use disorder by reducing relapse to drug-seeking behavior.

Ayahuasca prevents the reinstatement of cocaine-induced rewarding effects in C57Bl/6 mice

Research Square July 25, 2025 Vítor Bruno, Lídia Emmanuela Wiazowski Spelta, Matheus Lujan Pereira et al.

Ayahuasca, a psychedelic brew used in indigenous rituals, reduced the reinstatement of cocaine-induced conditioned place preference in C57Bl/6 mice, suggesting potential for treating cocaine use disorder. While ayahuasca itself produced rewarding effects at the highest dose tested (15 mg DMT/kg), these were weaker than those of cocaine (10 mg/kg). Treatment with ayahuasca (12.5 or 15 mg DMT/kg) after cocaine conditioning and before a cocaine challenge effectively prevented the reactivation of drug-associated contextual preference. The findings indicate therapeutic value for ayahuasca in cocaine use disorder, though research in humans remains limited.