Animal Pharmacology and Human Psychopharmacology of 3-Methoxy-4,5-Methylenedioxyphenylisopropylamine (MMDA)
Pharmacology January 1, 1973 Alexander T. Shulgin, T. Sargent, Carolina Lopez Naranjo 33 citations
The compound 3-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxyphenyl isopropylamine (MMDA) was synthesized and tested for psychodysleptic effects. In animals, its pharmacology was generally unremarkable except for a hypotensive effect in dogs, and the therapeutic index (LD50 rat/MED50 human) was 85. In humans, MMDA enhanced feeling and eyes-closed visual imagery without causing hallucinations or disturbing the sensorium. Reality testing and environmental contact remained intact, though a tendency to withdraw into drowsiness or fantasy occurred. The state of increased emotional availability was easily manipulated in psychotherapy and appeared to enhance insight into subconscious content.