Recreational Ketamine Use among Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder: Demographics, Motivations, and Polysubstance Use.
Substance use & misuse May 1, 2025 Corinne L Chandler, Mance E Buttram, Matthew S Ellis 1 citation
Among 301 treatment-seeking individuals with opioid use disorder, 28.6% reported lifetime ketamine use. Ketamine use was more common among males and less common in rural locations. Most respondents used ketamine for psychoactive effects, and nearly half used it to self-treat physical or mental health problems, including mitigating opioid withdrawal or cravings. Polysubstance use involving ketamine was prevalent, with marijuana, alcohol, cocaine, MDMA, hallucinogens, and both prescription and illicit opioids commonly co-used. Negative experiences, including central nervous system complications and mental distress, were reported by 32.1% of those who used ketamine. Motivations for use varied, and such behaviors may increase risks of psychiatric or physical health conditions, including overdose or death.