Psychedelics as neuroplasticity enhancers: Mechanisms, therapeutic applications, and translational challenges
Advanced Neurology December 4, 2025 Taslim Uddin, Sharmin Akter, Kaustabh Ghosh
Psychedelics such as psilocybin, LSD, DMT, and ketamine promote neuroplasticity by affecting serotonergic and glutamatergic systems, leading to rapid synaptogenesis, dendritic remodeling, and changes in brain network connectivity. These mechanisms are thought to underlie therapeutic benefits for depression, PTSD, and substance use disorders, especially when combined with psychotherapy. However, challenges remain regarding safety, long-term effects, and translating preclinical findings to clinical practice. The review covers pharmacological, molecular, and cellular bases of psychedelic action, along with ethical, legal, and translational issues that must be resolved for integration into psychiatry.