Psychoanalytically informed MDMA-assisted therapy for pathological narcissism: a novel theoretical approach.
Frontiers in psychiatry January 1, 2025 Alexa E Albert, Anthony L Back 5 citations
Pathological narcissism is a complex, treatment-resistant disorder involving unstable self-esteem that swings between grandiosity and vulnerability, making a stable self-image difficult to maintain. Few empirically supported therapies exist, and long-term psychoanalytic approaches often have high dropout rates. Recent research suggests combining psychedelics like MDMA with psychoanalytic therapy may offer a novel treatment. MDMA enhances empathy, trust, and social bonding, and can reopen critical periods for social learning in adults. It promotes psychological flexibility and openness, strengthening the observing ego—key for recognizing and changing maladaptive patterns.